Nursing Elites

1. A toddler in the emergency department has partial thickness burns on his right arm. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Insert a nasogastric tube
• B. Initiate prophylactic antibiotic therapy
• C. Cleanse the affected area with mild soap and water
• D. Apply a topical corticosteroid to the affected area

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When a toddler has partial thickness burns, the nurse should cleanse the affected area with mild soap and water. This action helps remove any loose tissue that could lead to infection and prepares the area for appropriate wound care. Inserting a nasogastric tube (Choice A) is not indicated for a toddler with burns. Initiating prophylactic antibiotic therapy (Choice B) is not necessary for partial thickness burns unless there are signs of infection. Applying a topical corticosteroid (Choice D) is not recommended for initial management of burns as it can delay wound healing.

2. A healthcare professional is planning care for an infant who has a colostomy. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take?

• A. Change the ostomy pouch every day.
• B. Use baby wipes to clean the stoma.
• C. Avoid using soap to clean the stoma.
• D. Apply barrier ointment to the skin around the stoma.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When caring for an infant with a colostomy, it is essential to apply barrier ointment to the skin around the stoma. This helps in preventing skin breakdown and irritation caused by exposure to stool or urine. Changing the ostomy pouch as needed, using appropriate cleaning supplies such as warm water and mild soap (avoiding harsh chemicals like alcohol), and ensuring gentle cleaning of the stoma with a soft cloth or gauze are also important steps in colostomy care. Using baby wipes may not be recommended as they can contain chemicals that may irritate the sensitive skin around the stoma.

3. A parent of an infant with diaper dermatitis is being taught by a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• A. Use baby wipes that contain alcohol to clean the baby's skin.
• B. Expose the baby's skin to air.
• C. Use a blow dryer on the warm setting to dry the baby's skin.
• D. Give the baby a bath once a week.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The nurse should instruct the parent to expose the infant's skin to air as it helps in promoting the healing process of diaper dermatitis by allowing the skin to breathe and reducing moisture, which can worsen the condition.

4. Which type of parenting style is associated with children who rank higher on many measures of social and cognitive development?

• A. Warm, responsive, positive
• B. Neutral, rigid, critical
• C. Absent, unstructured, negative
• D. Cold, neglectful, negative

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Research has shown that a warm, responsive, and positive parenting style is associated with children who rank higher on many measures of social and cognitive development. This style promotes secure attachment, emotional regulation, and overall well-being in children. In contrast, parenting styles characterized by neutrality, rigidity, negativity, or neglect have been linked to poorer outcomes in children's development. Understanding different parenting styles can help professionals tailor interventions to support families effectively and respectfully.

5. Which statement by an 18-year-old woman vaccinated with Gardasil indicates that more teaching is necessary?

• A. This vaccination will cure the HPV infection I got when I was 16.
• B. I will still need to have a routine Pap screen performed.
• C. Gardasil can prevent genital warts in males and females.
• D. This drug does not protect against all types of HPV.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because Gardasil does not cure existing HPV infections. Gardasil is a preventive vaccine and does not treat existing infections. Choice B is correct as regular Pap screenings are still necessary even after vaccination. Choice C is also correct as Gardasil can prevent genital warts. Choice D is correct as Gardasil does not protect against all types of HPV. Therefore, option A is the statement that indicates the need for more teaching.

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