Nursing Elites

1. The healthcare provider discussed strategies with a parent to prevent a recurrence of urinary tract infection in the child. Which statement made by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. My daughter should wash and wipe the perineal area from front to back.
• B. I am only going to have my daughter wear cotton underwear.
• C. It is acceptable to take frequent bubble baths.
• D. She needs to drink lots of fluids and void frequently.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The statement 'It is acceptable to take frequent bubble baths' indicates a need for further teaching. Oils in bubble bath and similar products can irritate the urethra, potentially leading to recurrent urinary tract infections. The other choices are correct: wiping from front to back helps prevent the spread of bacteria, wearing cotton underwear promotes breathability and reduces moisture, and drinking fluids and voiding frequently help flush out bacteria.

2. What is an appropriate intervention for the edematous child with reduced mobility related to nephrotic syndrome?

• A. Assist the child in minimizing body movements.
• B. Change the child's position frequently.
• C. Maintain the child's bed flat.
• D. Keep edematous areas moist and covered.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Changing the child's position frequently is essential for preventing respiratory tract infections and reducing pressure on delicate skin, which are common risks for edematous children with reduced mobility due to nephrotic syndrome. This intervention helps promote circulation and prevents complications associated with prolonged immobility.

3. A nurse is planning care to address nutritional needs for a preschooler with cystic fibrosis. Which interventions should the nurse include in plans?

• A. Administer pancreatic enzymes 2 hours after meals.
• B. Monitor and adjust the use of pancreatic enzymes if steatorrhea develops.
• C. Encourage adequate fluid intake based on the child's needs.
• D. Increase fat content in the child's diet to 40% of total calories.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Increasing fat content in the diet is essential for meeting the high energy needs of a child with cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis impairs the absorption of nutrients, particularly fats, so increasing the fat content in the child's diet to 40% of total calories helps ensure adequate caloric intake. This intervention can help maintain the child's nutritional status and support growth and development.

4. Which principle does not follow neuromaturational theory?

• A. The sequence and rate of motor development are consistent among infants
• B. Movement emerges from an interaction and cooperation of many systems
• C. Movement progresses from primitive reflexes to voluntary control
• D. Low-level skills are prerequisites for certain high-level skills

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Neuromaturational theory emphasizes that motor development progresses in a predictable sequence and rate, starting from primitive reflexes to voluntary control. It also states that low-level skills are foundational for higher-level skills. However, the theory does not support the idea that movement solely emerges from an interaction and cooperation of many systems, as it focuses more on the hierarchical development of motor skills.

5. Which question does not provide information regarding the family's cultural values?

• A. Who makes the decisions?
• B. What is the child's date of birth?
• C. What are the daily routines and rules of mealtime?
• D. What do the parents believe about disability?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Asking for the child's date of birth is a factual question that does not directly relate to the family's cultural values. Choices A, C, and D delve into aspects that could offer insights into the family's cultural values and beliefs. Question A explores decision-making dynamics within the family, which can be influenced by cultural norms. Question C inquires about daily routines and mealtime rules, which often reflect cultural practices and values. Question D relates to the parents' beliefs about disability, which can be shaped by cultural, religious, or societal perspectives. Therefore, these questions are more likely to provide information about the family's cultural values compared to the child's date of birth.

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