ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. A nurse educator is reviewing peripheral IV insertion with a group of novice nurses. How should these nurses be encouraged to deal with excess hair at the intended site?
- A. Leave the hair intact
- B. Shave the area.
- C. Clip the hair in the area.
- D. Remove the hair with a depilatory.
Correct answer: Clip the hair in the area.
Rationale:
2. Which of the following is not a potential side effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?
- A. Short-term memory loss
- B. Headache
- C. Confusion
- D. Tardive dyskinesia
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can have side effects such as short-term memory loss, headache, confusion, and nausea. Tardive dyskinesia is not a side effect of ECT; it is a movement disorder associated with long-term use of certain medications, particularly antipsychotics.
3. Which of the following drugs has a therapeutic effect that prevents thromboembolic events?
- A. Warfarin
- B. Amlodipine
- C. Nitroglycerin
- D. Clopidogrel
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Warfarin. Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that helps prevent thromboembolic events by inhibiting the formation of blood clots. It is commonly used to reduce the risk of strokes or heart attacks in patients at risk for thrombosis.
4. A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should expect the client's chest to be which of the following shapes?
- A. Pigeon
- B. Funnel
- C. Kyphotic
- D. Barrel
Correct answer: Barrel
Rationale: When assessing a client with COPD, the nurse should expect the client's chest to be barrel-shaped. This shape is a classic characteristic of COPD due to hyperinflation of the lungs. A 'Pigeon' chest shape is associated with pectus carinatum, a deformity of the chest wall. A 'Funnel' chest shape is seen in conditions like pectus excavatum. 'Kyphotic' refers to an exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic spine. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Barrel' as it is the expected chest shape in clients with COPD.
5. The nurse is performing an assessment on a 12-month-old infant. Which fine or gross motor developmental skill demonstrates the proximodistal acquisition of skills?
- A. Standing
- B. Sitting without assistance
- C. Fully developed pincer grasp
- D. Taking a few steps holding onto something
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The development of a pincer grasp reflects fine motor skills, which develop in a proximodistal pattern (from the center of the body outward).
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