people who regularly take prescription drugs such as steroids and diuretics are at risk for a deficiency of

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice A

1. Which nutrient deficiency are people who regularly take prescription drugs such as steroids and diuretics at risk for?

A. Potassium
B. Selenium
C. Iodine
D. Chloride

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Regular intake of prescription drugs like steroids and diuretics can lead to the loss of potassium in the body, causing a condition known as hypokalemia. Therefore, people on these medications require careful monitoring and often need potassium supplementation to prevent this deficiency. The other options, selenium, iodine, and chloride, are incorrect because there is no specific link between their deficiency and the regular use of steroids and diuretics.

2. Select all that apply. To lower LDL levels, you should:

A. consume minimal amounts of hydrogenated and saturated fats
B. consume more insoluble fibers than soluble fibers
C. consume alcohol in moderate levels
D. engage in regular physical activity

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To lower LDL levels, reducing intake of hydrogenated (trans) and saturated fats is crucial, as these types of fats can raise LDL cholesterol in the blood. Choice B is incorrect because both soluble and insoluble fibers can help lower LDL levels. Choice C is incorrect as excessive alcohol consumption can lead to increased LDL levels. Choice D, engaging in regular physical activity, can help raise HDL (good) cholesterol levels but is not directly related to lowering LDL levels.

3. A patient following a vegetarian diet might be at risk for deficiency in which nutrient?

A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin D

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products, so vegetarians may need supplementation.

4. All of the following are seen in a child with measles. Which one is not?

A. Reddened eyes
B. Coryza
C. Pustule
D. Cough

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Measles typically presents with symptoms like reddened eyes, coryza (inflammation of the mucous membrane in the nose), and cough. However, pustules are not a common symptom of measles. Pustules are more characteristic of conditions like chickenpox rather than measles. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

5. A nurse is caring for a client with a major burn injury and is receiving TPN. Which of the following lab tests is the priority for the nurse to use to confirm the client is receiving adequate nutrition?

A. Iron
B. Magnesium
C. Folic acid
D. Prealbumin

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Prealbumin is a sensitive indicator of protein status and nutrition, making it a priority for assessing nutritional adequacy in clients receiving TPN. Iron, magnesium, and folic acid levels are important for overall health but do not specifically indicate nutritional adequacy in the context of TPN administration.