Nursing Elites

1. Which nutrient deficiency are people who regularly take prescription drugs such as steroids and diuretics at risk for?

• A. Potassium
• B. Selenium
• C. Iodine
• D. Chloride

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Regular intake of prescription drugs like steroids and diuretics can lead to the loss of potassium in the body, causing a condition known as hypokalemia. Therefore, people on these medications require careful monitoring and often need potassium supplementation to prevent this deficiency. The other options, selenium, iodine, and chloride, are incorrect because there is no specific link between their deficiency and the regular use of steroids and diuretics.

2. The nurse’s most unique tool in working with the emotionally ill client is his/her

• A. theoretical knowledge
• B. personality make up
• C. emotional reactions
• D. communication skills

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

3. Dental hygienists should not encourage patients with eating disorders such as bulimia to brush immediately after vomiting because self-induced vomiting causes erosion of tooth enamel and dentin hypersensitivity.

• A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related
• B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related
• C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct
• D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The corrected question emphasizes that patients with eating disorders like bulimia should not brush immediately after vomiting as it can worsen enamel erosion due to the acidic content in the mouth. The correct answer is D because patients should rinse with water or a fluoride mouthwash instead of brushing to protect their teeth. Choice A is incorrect because encouraging patients to brush after vomiting is not recommended. Choice B is incorrect as the reason provided is valid but not suitable for the action of encouraging brushing. Choice C is incorrect as the reason for not brushing after vomiting is to prevent enamel erosion.

4. How many words does a typical 12-month-old infant use?

• A. About 12 words
• B. Twenty or more words
• C. About 50 words
• D. Two, plus 'mama' and 'papa'

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A typical 12-month-old infant typically uses very few words, with 'mama' and 'papa' being common early words. At this age, most infants are still in the early stages of language development, and their vocabulary is limited. Choices A, B, and C suggest higher word counts which are not typical for infants at this age.

5. Which metabolic disease is characterized by poor healing, severe forms of periodontal disease, necrosis, xerostomia, and candidiasis?

• A. Hypopituitarism
• B. Diabetes mellitus
• C. Hyperthyroidism
• D. Renal disease

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Diabetes mellitus is the correct answer. It is associated with poor wound healing, severe periodontal disease, tissue necrosis, dry mouth (xerostomia), and an increased susceptibility to oral infections like candidiasis. Hypopituitarism, hyperthyroidism, and renal disease are not typically linked to the specific oral manifestations described in the question.

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