Nursing Elites

1. A client who is postoperative following a liver transplant and weighs 65 kg. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

• A. Keep the client NPO for the first week postoperative.
• B. Limit caloric content once the client resumes eating.
• C. Stress the importance of safe food-handling practices.
• D. Decrease foods high in carbohydrates once the client resumes eating.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: After a liver transplant, it is crucial to stress the importance of safe food-handling practices to prevent foodborne illnesses, especially due to the client's altered immune system. Keeping the client NPO for the first week postoperative is not recommended as early nutrition support is essential for recovery. Limiting caloric content once the client resumes eating may not be appropriate as they need adequate nutrition for healing. Decreasing foods high in carbohydrates without a specific indication may lead to inadequate nutrient intake, which is not ideal for the client's recovery.

2. What nutrition-related side effect is most likely to occur after head and neck surgery for cancer treatment?

• A. Aspiration
• B. Acid reflux
• C. Dumping syndrome
• D. Diarrhea

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most likely nutrition-related side effect after head and neck surgery for cancer treatment is aspiration. This is due to changes in swallowing mechanics, which can cause food or liquids to be inhaled into the lungs. While acid reflux, dumping syndrome, and diarrhea are potential side effects related to nutrition, they are not as directly connected to head and neck surgery. Acid reflux is more often related to issues with the lower esophageal sphincter, dumping syndrome is typically a complication of gastric surgery, and diarrhea can have various causes, including certain medications or gastrointestinal illnesses.

3. Which food has the highest calcium content?

• A. soy products
• B. milk
• C. cereal grains
• D. dark green vegetables

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, milk. Milk is known for being one of the best dietary sources of calcium, essential for bone health and various bodily functions. Soy products, cereal grains, and dark green vegetables are good sources of calcium as well, but milk generally has a higher calcium content compared to these options.

4. What are sheets/forms that provide an efficient and time-saving way to record information that must be obtained repeatedly at regular and/or short intervals of time? This does not replace progress notes; instead, it records information on vital signs, intake and output, treatment, postoperative care, postpartum care, and diabetic regimen, etc. These are used whenever specific measurements or observations need to be documented repeatedly. What is this?

• A. Nursing Kardex
• B. Graphic Flow Sheets
• C. Discharge Summary
• D. Medicine and Treatment Record

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Nursing Kardex. Nursing Kardex is a tool used for documenting essential patient information that needs to be recorded repeatedly at regular intervals. It includes vital signs, intake and output, treatment details, postoperative care, postpartum care, and diabetic regimen. This tool is efficient and time-saving for healthcare professionals. Choice B, Graphic Flow Sheets, may be used for visual representation of patient data but is not specifically designed for repeated documentation of essential information. Choice C, Discharge Summary, is a document outlining the patient's care and condition at the time of discharge, not for repeated recording of ongoing data. Choice D, Medicine and Treatment Record, focuses more on specific medications and treatments rather than a comprehensive recording of various patient data needed at regular intervals.

5. A nurse that is always ready to answer for all his actions and decision is said to be:

• A. Accountable C. Critical thinker
• B. Responsible D. Assertive
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

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