ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A client who is postoperative following a liver transplant and weighs 65 kg. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Keep the client NPO for the first week postoperative.
- B. Limit caloric content once the client resumes eating.
- C. Stress the importance of safe food-handling practices.
- D. Decrease foods high in carbohydrates once the client resumes eating.
Correct answer: Stress the importance of safe food-handling practices.
Rationale: After a liver transplant, it is crucial to stress the importance of safe food-handling practices to prevent foodborne illnesses, especially due to the client's altered immune system. Keeping the client NPO for the first week postoperative is not recommended as early nutrition support is essential for recovery. Limiting caloric content once the client resumes eating may not be appropriate as they need adequate nutrition for healing. Decreasing foods high in carbohydrates without a specific indication may lead to inadequate nutrient intake, which is not ideal for the client's recovery.
2. Disposal of medical records in government hospitals/institutions must be done in close coordination with what agency?
- A. Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)
- B. Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA)
- C. Records Management Archives Office (RMAO)
- D. Department of Health (DOH)
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
3. A client is receiving oxygen therapy via a nasal cannula. The nurse should explain that this method of oxygen delivery does which of the following?
- A. Delivers a specific concentration of oxygen constantly
- B. Delivers a high concentration of oxygen
- C. Delivers a low concentration of oxygen
- D. Restricts the client's ability to eat, speak, or drink
Correct answer: Delivers a specific concentration of oxygen constantly
Rationale: A nasal cannula is a device used for delivering supplemental oxygen to patients. It delivers a specific concentration of oxygen constantly, typically ranging from 1-6 liters per minute. This method is effective for patients who require low to moderate levels of oxygen. Choices B and C are incorrect because a nasal cannula does not deliver a high concentration of oxygen and is not considered a low concentration delivery method. Choice D is incorrect because a nasal cannula does not restrict the client's ability to eat, speak, or drink; it allows them to perform these activities while receiving oxygen therapy.
4. What is the appropriate action for a patient experiencing a severe allergic reaction?
- A. Administer epinephrine
- B. Administer antihistamines
- C. Administer corticosteroids
- D. Administer oxygen
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer epinephrine. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for severe allergic reactions as it helps reverse the symptoms rapidly by constricting blood vessels, increasing heart rate, and opening airways. Antihistamines (Choice B) may help with mild allergic reactions but are not effective for severe cases. Corticosteroids (Choice C) are used to reduce inflammation and are typically not the first-line treatment for acute severe allergic reactions. Administering oxygen (Choice D) may be necessary to support breathing in severe cases, but epinephrine is the primary treatment to reverse the allergic reaction symptoms.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who reports a decrease in the effectiveness of their pain medication. What factor should the nurse identify as contributing to this decrease?
- A. History of frequent alcohol use
- B. Decreased physical activity
- C. Bowel inflammation
- D. History of opioid use
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bowel inflammation. Bowel inflammation can interfere with the absorption of medications, including pain medication, leading to decreased effectiveness. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because although they can impact pain management in various ways, they are not directly related to the decreased effectiveness of pain medication due to absorption issues.
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