ATI RN
Psychological Exam
1. Which disorder is characterized by a pattern of behavior that involves culturally inappropriate, overly familiar behavior with relative strangers?
- A. Schizoid personality disorder
- B. Autism spectrum disorder
- C. Reactive attachment disorder
- D. Disinhibited social engagement disorder
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Disinhibited social engagement disorder is the correct answer because it is characterized by a pattern of behavior involving culturally inappropriate and overly familiar behavior with relative strangers. This disorder is marked by a lack of social boundaries and caution when interacting with unfamiliar individuals. Schizoid personality disorder (Choice A) is characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, Autism spectrum disorder (Choice B) involves challenges with social interactions and communication, and Reactive attachment disorder (Choice C) is typically associated with difficulty forming emotional bonds with caregivers, not with overly familiar behavior with strangers.
2. A client has a new prescription for Atorvastatin. Which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Take this medication with food.
- B. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
- C. Take this medication in the morning.
- D. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to avoid drinking grapefruit juice when taking Atorvastatin. Grapefruit juice can interfere with the metabolism of Atorvastatin, leading to increased blood levels of the medication, which can result in a higher risk of adverse effects, such as muscle pain and liver damage. It is important for the client to follow this instruction to ensure the safe and effective use of Atorvastatin. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. While taking Atorvastatin with food may be recommended for some individuals to reduce stomach upset, it is not a crucial instruction. The timing of Atorvastatin administration can vary depending on individual needs and is not universally fixed to the morning. Increasing potassium-rich foods is not directly related to Atorvastatin use and is not a standard precautionary measure associated with this medication.
3. What are the signs of thyroid crisis resulting from Graves' disease?
- A. Constipation with gastric distension.
- B. Bradycardia and bradypnea.
- C. Hyperthermia and tachycardia.
- D. Constipation and lethargy.
Correct answer: Hyperthermia and tachycardia.
Rationale: In a thyroid crisis resulting from Graves' disease, the patient typically experiences symptoms such as hyperthermia (elevated body temperature) and tachycardia (rapid heart rate). These symptoms are indicative of the hypermetabolic state seen in thyroid storm. Choices A and D are incorrect as constipation and lethargy are not typical signs of a thyroid crisis; instead, patients with hyperthyroidism often experience diarrhea and agitation. Choice B is incorrect because bradycardia (slow heart rate) and bradypnea (slow breathing rate) are more commonly associated with hypothyroidism rather than a thyroid crisis in Graves' disease.
4. What is the best way to assess a patient's respiratory function after surgery?
- A. Check oxygen saturation
- B. Auscultate lung sounds
- C. Check for abnormal breath sounds
- D. Check skin color
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to check oxygen saturation. This is because checking oxygen saturation provides a direct measure of how well the patient is oxygenating post-surgery. It helps healthcare providers assess if the patient is receiving enough oxygen to meet their body's needs. Auscultating lung sounds (choice B) is important to assess respiratory function but may not provide an immediate indication of oxygenation status. Checking for abnormal breath sounds (choice C) is relevant but does not directly assess oxygenation levels. Checking skin color (choice D) can provide some information about oxygenation, but it is not as precise or direct as measuring oxygen saturation.
5. A postoperative patient receiving a transfusion of packed red blood cells develops chills, fever, headache, and anxiety 35 minutes after the transfusion is started. After stopping the transfusion, what action should the nurse take?
- A. Give the PRN diphenhydramine
- B. Send a urine specimen to the laboratory
- C. Administer PRN acetaminophen (Tylenol)
- D. Draw blood for a new type and crossmatch
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The patient’s clinical manifestations are consistent with a febrile, nonhemolytic transfusion reaction. The transfusion should be stopped and antipyretics administered for the fever as ordered.
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