Nursing Elites

1. A combined Apgar score of __________ indicates that the infant is in good physical condition.

• A. less than 3
• B. 3 or 4
• C. 5 or 6
• D. 7 or better

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A combined Apgar score of 7 or better indicates that the infant is in good physical condition. The Apgar score is a quick assessment of a newborn's overall health shortly after birth. It evaluates the baby's heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflexes, and color. A score of 7 or higher indicates that the baby is adjusting well to life outside the womb. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they represent scores that indicate the infant may need medical attention or assistance as they are below the threshold of 7 which signifies good physical condition.

2. In his research study, Dr. Johnson gives participants false feedback about their performance. Consequently, Dr. Johnson should use __________ after the research session is over. Copyright © 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 37 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e

• A. informed consent
• B. a privacy statement
• C. debriefing
• D. a placebo Answer: C Page Ref: 39 Skill Level: Apply Topic: Ethics in Lifespan Research Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dr. Johnson should use debriefing after the research session is over because giving participants false feedback may have affected them psychologically. Debriefing involves explaining the true nature of the study, including any deception that occurred, to the participants in order to protect their well-being and address any lingering concerns or misconceptions they may have. It is an important ethical practice in research to ensure participants are fully informed about the study they were involved in.

3. What reflex protects an infant from strong stimulation?

• A. Moro
• B. eye-blink
• C. sucking
• D. palmar grasp

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: eye-blink. The eye-blink reflex is the one that protects an infant from strong stimulation by causing them to quickly shut their eyes in response to sudden bright light or a loud noise. This reflex helps to safeguard the infant's sensitive eyes from potential harm. The Moro reflex (choice A) is the startle reflex, the sucking reflex (choice C) helps with feeding, and the palmar grasp reflex (choice D) is when the infant's fingers close around an object placed in their hand; none of these reflexes specifically protect the infant from strong stimulation.

4. A theory of development __________.

• A. illustrates the ultimate truth about human behavior
• B. describes, explains, and predicts behavior
• C. explains all aspects of human growth
• D. does not require scientific verification

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A theory of development describes, explains, and predicts behavior. It provides a framework for understanding how individuals grow and change over time. The purpose of a theory is not to illustrate ultimate truth or explain all aspects of human growth, but rather to help researchers and practitioners make sense of and predict human behavior. Theories are expected to be tested and refined through scientific verification. Choice A is incorrect because theories do not necessarily illustrate ultimate truth. Choice C is incorrect as theories focus on behavior and development, not all aspects of human growth. Choice D is incorrect because scientific verification is essential for theories to be valid and reliable.

5. __________, especially, are more insistent that __________ conform to gender roles.

• A. Mothers; boys
• B. Mothers; girls
• C. Fathers; girls
• D. Fathers; boys

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Fathers; boys.' The extract provided indicates that fathers are particularly insistent that boys adhere to traditional gender roles, emphasizing masculinity. This is a common stereotype where fathers often push their sons to conform to societal expectations of masculinity. Choices A and B are incorrect because the extract specifies fathers, not mothers. Choice C is incorrect as it pairs fathers with girls, which is not supported by the provided information.

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