Nursing Elites

1. A client just received a diagnosis of cancer. Which statement by the nurse demonstrates empathy?

• A. "This must be hard news to hear. Tell me more about it."?
• B. "I believe you can overcome this because I have seen how strong you are."?
• C. "Tomorrow will be better."
• D. "What is your biggest fear about this diagnosis?"?

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

2. The goal for a client with impaired mobility is to prevent atelectasis. What nursing intervention would best help the client meet this goal?

• A. Assist the client to orthopneic position
• B. Offer a protein-rich diet
• C. Offer the client a bedpan for toileting
• D. Turn the client every 4 hours

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Assisting the client to the orthopneic position is the best nursing intervention to help prevent atelectasis. This position improves lung expansion by allowing the chest to expand fully, aiding in the prevention of atelectasis. Offering a protein-rich diet (choice B) is important for overall nutrition but does not directly address preventing atelectasis. Offering a bedpan for toileting (choice C) and turning the client every 4 hours (choice D) are important for preventing pressure ulcers in immobile clients but do not directly prevent atelectasis.

3. The nurse assesses a deep wound. The area is covered by black and necrotic tissue. What term would the nurse use when documenting this wound?

• A. Tunnelling
• B. Eschar
• C. Blanching
• D. Cellulitis

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

4. The nurse educates a client about how to reduce their risk for osteoporosis. Which of these statements by the nurse is correct? (Select all that apply)

• A. You can decrease your risk of osteoporosis by avoiding vitamin D.
• B. You can decrease your risk of osteoporosis by reducing caffeine intake.
• C. You can decrease the risk of osteoporosis by decreasing alcohol intake.
• D. You can decrease your risk of osteoporosis by reducing protein intake.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, and quitting smoking can help decrease the risk of osteoporosis.

5. A client has a new arm cast. What is incorrect teaching by the nurse?

• A. Use a sling to alleviate fatigue
• B. Elevate the arm above the heart to reduce swelling
• C. Report ‘hot spots’ felt under the cast
• D. Sudden increase in drainage is expected

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Sudden increase in drainage is not expected and should be reported as it may indicate an infection or other complication.

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