Nursing Elites

1. What intervention by the nurse would be the best to prevent deep vein thrombosis after a fracture of the hip?

• A. Encouraging bedrest
• B. Applying antiembolism stockings
• C. Tell the client to take anticoagulants
• D. Teaching about smoking cessation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The best intervention to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after a fracture of the hip is to apply antiembolism stockings. These stockings help promote circulation and prevent blood clots from forming in the legs due to immobility. Encouraging bedrest is not recommended as it can increase the risk of DVT. While anticoagulants are used in some cases, the primary prevention method is mechanical prophylaxis like antiembolism stockings. Teaching about smoking cessation is important for overall health but is not directly related to preventing DVT in this scenario.

2. The nurse is performing a psychosocial assessment on a client with a severe rheumatoid arthritis. What would be the most appropriate statement by the nurse?

• A. "Tell me about what medication you are taking"?
• B. "What physical limitations are you experiencing?"?
• C. "How does this impact your role in your family?"?
• D. "What therapies are you using to reduce swelling?"?

Correct answer: C

Rationale:

3. The nurse is caring for a 65-year-old client and notes a temperature of 101�F. How does the nurse interpret this finding?

• A. Hyperthermia
• B. A cold environment
• C. Normal
• D. Hypothermia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A temperature of 101�F is indicative of hyperthermia, which is an elevated body temperature. Hyperthermia is commonly associated with fever or environmental factors such as excessive heat exposure. Choice B, 'A cold environment,' is incorrect as hyperthermia refers to elevated body temperature, not a cold environment. Choice C, 'Normal,' is incorrect as a temperature of 101�F is above the normal range for body temperature. Choice D, 'Hypothermia,' is incorrect as hypothermia refers to a low body temperature, not an elevated one.

4. A client with a diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus develops pneumonia. What type of infection is this?

• A. An opportunistic infection
• B. A root cause infection
• C. A pathogenic infection
• D. A nosocomial infection

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: An opportunistic infection. In patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), infections like pneumonia are considered opportunistic because they take advantage of a weakened immune system. Option B, root cause infection, is incorrect as it does not describe the nature of the infection in relation to the patient's condition. Option C, pathogenic infection, is incorrect because while pneumonia is caused by pathogens, in the context of HIV, it is specifically termed as an opportunistic infection. Option D, nosocomial infection, is also incorrect as it refers to infections acquired in a healthcare setting, not related to the patient's HIV status.

5. What evaluation indicates successful progress on the client goal of increasing daily physical activity?

• A. The client reports decreased social interaction
• B. The client reports more nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use
• C. The client reports a fall
• D. The client reports less fatigue walking up stairs

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because reporting less fatigue when walking up stairs indicates improved physical endurance, showing progress in increasing daily activity. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because decreased social interaction, increased NSAID use, and experiencing a fall are not indicators of successful progress in increasing daily physical activity.

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