Nursing Elites

1. A client is providing instructions to a client who is scheduled for an oral cholecystogram. The nurse tells the client to

• A. Eat a fat-free meal on the evening before the procedure.
• B. Maintain strict NPO status on the day of the procedure.
• C. Avoid oral intake except for water on the day of the procedure.
• D. Eat a high-fat meal for breakfast on the day of the procedure.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: For an oral cholecystogram, the client should eat a fat-free meal the evening before the procedure and avoid oral intake except for water on the day of the procedure. During the test, the client may be given a high-fat meal or drink to stimulate gallbladder emptying. Choice A is incorrect because the client should have a fat-free meal, not a high-fat meal. Choice B is incorrect as strict NPO status is not required. Choice D is incorrect as a high-fat meal is not recommended for breakfast on the day of the procedure.

2. Regina is a 46 y.o. woman with ulcerative colitis. You expect her stools to look like:

• A. Watery and frothy.
• B. Bloody and mucoid.
• C. Firm and well-formed.
• D. Alternating constipation and diarrhea.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Stools in ulcerative colitis are typically bloody and mucoid.

3. Which of the following complications is thought to be the most common cause of appendicitis?

• A. A fecalith
• B. Bowel kinking
• C. Internal bowel occlusion
• D. Abdominal bowel swelling

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A fecalith is a hardened stool that can block the appendix, leading to inflammation and infection, which is the most common cause of appendicitis.

4. Type A chronic gastritis can be distinguished from type B by its ability to:

• A. Cause atrophy of the parietal cells.
• B. Affect only the antrum of the stomach.
• C. Thin the lining of the stomach walls.
• D. Decrease gastric secretions.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Type A chronic gastritis can cause atrophy of the parietal cells, which is a distinguishing feature from type B.

5. A client with viral hepatitis states, 'I am so yellow.' The nurse most appropriately would

• A. Assist the client in expressing feelings.
• B. Do most of the activities of daily living for the client.
• C. Provide information to the client only when the client requests it.
• D. Restrict visitors until the jaundice subsides.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To assist the client in adapting to changes in appearance, the nurse must encourage participation in self-care to foster independence and self-esteem. The nurse should encourage the client to ask questions to clarify misconceptions, learn ways to prevent the spread of hepatitis to reduce fear, and make appropriate decisions. Restricting visitors will reinforce the client’s negative self-esteem.

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