Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following expected outcomes would be appropriate for the client who has ulcerative colitis?

• A. The client maintains a daily record of intake and output.
• B. The client verbalizes the importance of small, frequent feedings.
• C. The client uses a heating pad to decrease abdominal cramping.
• D. The client accepts that a colostomy is inevitable at some time in his life.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Small, frequent feedings are better tolerated by clients with ulcerative colitis as they lessen the amount of fecal material present in the gastrointestinal tract and decrease stimulation. The client does not need to maintain a daily record of intake and output unless an exacerbation of the disease occurs. A heating pad should not be applied to the intestine as it is inflamed. It is not inevitable that the client will require surgery to treat ulcerative colitis.

2. A nurse is caring for a client diagnose with pancreatitis. The nurse anticipates that the client would not experience an elevation of which of the following enzymes?

• A. Lipase
• B. Lactase
• C. Amylase
• D. Trypsin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Lactase is produced in the small intestine and aids in splitting neutral fats into glycerol and fatty acids. Lipase, amylase, and trypsin are produced in the pancreas and aid in the digestion of fats, starches, and proteins, respectively.

3. A client with a peptic ulcer reports epigastric pain that frequently awakens her at night, a feeling of fullness in the abdomen, and a feeling of anxiety about her health. Based on this information, which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate?

• A. Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements related to anorexia.
• B. Disturbed Sleep Pattern related to epigastric pain
• C. Ineffective Coping related to exacerbation of duodenal ulcer
• D. Activity Intolerance related to abdominal pain

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Disturbed Sleep Pattern related to epigastric pain is appropriate because the client reports pain that frequently awakens her at night.

4. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of Crohn's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

• A. Bloody diarrhea
• B. Fatty stools
• C. Weight gain
• D. High fever

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Clients with Crohn's disease often experience fatty stools (steatorrhea) due to malabsorption of fats. This occurs because the inflammation caused by Crohn's disease can affect the small intestine, impairing the body's ability to absorb nutrients. Bloody diarrhea is more commonly associated with ulcerative colitis. Weight gain is not a typical symptom of Crohn's disease; instead, weight loss is more common due to malabsorption and decreased appetite. High fever can occur during acute flare-ups but is not a primary finding of Crohn's disease.

5. A client with which of the following conditions may be likely to develop rectal cancer?

• A. Adenomatous polyps
• B. Diverticulitis
• C. Hemorrhoids
• D. Peptic ulcer disease

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Adenomatous polyps are a known risk factor for the development of rectal cancer.

Similar Questions