ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam
1. A client had an inferior wall myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse notes the client's cardiac rhythm as shown below. What action by the nurse is most important?
- A. Assess the client's blood pressure and level of consciousness.
- B. Call the health care provider or the Rapid Response Team.
- C. Obtain a permit for an emergency temporary pacemaker insertion.
- D. Prepare to administer antidysrhythmic medication.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The ECG strip shows sinus bradycardia, which is common in clients with an inferior wall MI. This rhythm can lead to decreased perfusion due to bradycardia and blocks. The most crucial initial action for the nurse is to assess the client's hemodynamic status, including blood pressure and level of consciousness. This assessment will help determine the immediate needs of the client. Calling the health care provider or the Rapid Response Team, obtaining a permit for a pacemaker insertion, or preparing to administer antidysrhythmic medication may be necessary based on the assessment findings, but the priority is to evaluate the client's current condition first.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following surgical repair of a mandibular fracture with fixed occlusion of the jaws in a closed position. Which of the following statements is the priority for the nurse to make?
- A. "We can teach you some relaxation techniques to minimize your pain."
- B. "Keep wire cutters with you at all times."
- C. "Use a water pick device to keep your teeth clean."
- D. "Consume a high-protein, liquid diet."
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
3. The healthcare provider is caring for a client who has heart failure and a history of asthma. The provider reviews the orders and recognizes that clarification is needed for which of the following medications?
- A. Carvedilol
- B. Fluticasone
- C. Captopril
- D. Isosorbide dinitrate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Fluticasone. Carvedilol, Captopril, and Isosorbide dinitrate are commonly used in heart failure management and do not typically pose significant risks for clients with a history of asthma. However, Fluticasone is a corticosteroid used to manage asthma but can potentially worsen heart failure symptoms due to its anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, the nurse should seek clarification regarding the prescription of Fluticasone for a client with heart failure and a history of asthma.
4. A client is vomiting. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Provide the client with an emesis basin
- B. Notify housekeeping
- C. Prevent the client from aspirating
- D. Administer an antiemetic to the client
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When a client is vomiting, the priority action for the nurse is to prevent the client from aspirating. Aspiration can lead to serious respiratory complications. Providing the client with an emesis basin can be helpful but preventing aspiration takes precedence. Notifying housekeeping and administering an antiemetic are secondary actions that can be addressed once the client's safety is ensured.
5. A client who received benzocaine spray before a recent bronchoscopy presents with continuous cyanosis despite oxygen therapy. What action should the nurse take next?
- A. Administer albuterol treatment.
- B. Notify Rapid Response Team.
- C. Assess the client's peripheral pulses.
- D. Obtain blood and sputum cultures.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Cyanosis unresponsive to oxygen therapy suggests methemoglobinemia, an adverse effect of benzocaine spray. Methemoglobinemia can lead to death if not managed promptly. The nurse should notify the Rapid Response Team to provide immediate advanced care. Administering albuterol would not address the underlying cause of cyanosis. Assessing peripheral pulses and obtaining cultures are not the priority as they do not directly address the urgent need to manage methemoglobinemia.
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