a baby born between the seventh and eighth months of pregnancy

ATI RN

Human Growth and Development Exam 1

1. A baby born between the seventh and eighth months of pregnancy __________.

A. is just as healthy as a full-term baby
B. usually needs oxygen assistance to breathe
C. only has about a 10 percent survival rate
D. is considered small-for-date

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A baby born between the seventh and eighth months of pregnancy is considered premature. Premature babies are born before they are fully developed and may need assistance with breathing, including oxygen. They are at a higher risk for complications compared to full-term babies. Choice A is incorrect because premature babies are at a higher risk for health issues compared to full-term babies. Choice C is incorrect as modern medical advancements have significantly increased the survival rate of premature babies. Choice D is incorrect as being small-for-date does not solely depend on the gestational age at birth.

2. The yolk sac __________.

A. forms during the third trimester of pregnancy
B. is the outer ring of cells that surrounds the blastocyst Copyright Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â© 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 3 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
C. produces blood cells until the organs are mature enough to take over this function
D. contains one large vein that delivers blood loaded with nutrients and two arteries that remove waste Answer: C Page Ref: 77 Skill Level: Understand Topic: Prenatal Development Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The yolk sac is an extraembryonic membrane that plays a significant role in the early development of the embryo. One of its functions is to produce blood cells until the organs are mature enough to take over this function. This process occurs during the early stages of prenatal development to support the growing embryo before it can sustain itself independently.

3. Vygotsky's emphasis on culture and social experience led him to __________.

A. understand the interaction between biological factors and social influences in cognitive development
B. overemphasize the role of heredity in cognitive change
C. emphasize children's independent efforts to make sense of their world
D. place too much emphasis on children's capacity to shape their own development

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Vygotsky's emphasis on culture and social experience did not lead him to neglect the biological side of development. Instead, he believed that biological factors and social influences interact to shape cognitive development. Choice A is correct because it reflects Vygotsky's view that biological factors and social experiences work together in cognitive development. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as Vygotsky's emphasis was not on overemphasizing heredity, focusing solely on independent efforts of children, or placing too much emphasis on children's capacity to shape their own development.

4. During her pregnancy, Padma increased her intake of coffee and tea. Her doctor is likely to tell her that high doses of caffeine contained in coffee and tea increase the risk of __________.

A. premature labor
B. limb deformities
C. respiratory distress at birth
D. low birth weight Answer: D Page Ref: 83 Skill Level: Apply known or suspected teratogens. Topic: Prenatal Environmental Influences Difficulty Level: Difficult

Correct answer: D

Rationale: High doses of caffeine contained in coffee and tea have been linked to an increased risk of low birth weight. Consuming large amounts of caffeine during pregnancy can interfere with the baby's growth and development, leading to a lower birth weight than expected. It is important for pregnant women to limit their caffeine intake to reduce the risk of complications such as low birth weight.

5. A childbirth leave of __________ predicts favorable maternal physical and mental health, supportive marital interaction, and sensitive caregiving.

A. 6 weeks
B. 8 weeks
C. 10 weeks
D. 12 weeks or more

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Research indicates that a childbirth leave of 12 weeks or more leads to favorable outcomes for maternal physical and mental health, supportive marital interaction, and sensitive caregiving. This extended period of leave allows mothers to recover physically, adjust psychologically, and establish strong bonds with their newborn, which ultimately benefits the whole family. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not provide the optimal duration needed for mothers to experience the full range of benefits associated with an extended childbirth leave.