the client is complaining of painful swallowing secondary to mouth ulcers which statement by the client indicates appropriate management

ATI RN

ATI RN Custom Exams Set 5

1. The client is complaining of painful swallowing secondary to mouth ulcers. Which statement by the client indicates appropriate management?

A. “I will brush my teeth with a soft-bristle toothbrush.”
B. “I will rinse my mouth with Listerine mouthwash.”
C. “I will swish my antifungal solution and then swallow.”
D. “I will avoid spicy foods, tobacco, and alcohol.”

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Avoiding irritants like spicy foods, tobacco, and alcohol is crucial in managing mouth ulcers as they can further irritate and worsen the condition. Choice A is incorrect as using a soft-bristle toothbrush may still cause discomfort. Choice B is incorrect as alcohol-containing mouthwashes can be irritating. Choice C is incorrect as swallowing antifungal solution meant for topical use is not appropriate and can be harmful.

2. Who typically collects blood specimens?

A. The nurse
B. Medical technologist
C. Physician
D. Pharmacist

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Nurses typically collect blood specimens from patients as part of their everyday duties in medical settings. They are trained in venipuncture techniques and are responsible for ensuring that blood samples are properly obtained and labeled for diagnostic testing. Medical technologists process and analyze the blood specimens in the laboratory under the direction of a physician, but the actual collection of specimens is commonly performed by nurses. Physicians are primarily responsible for diagnosing and treating medical conditions rather than collecting blood specimens. Pharmacists are healthcare professionals who specialize in medication management and dispensing, not in collecting blood specimens.

3. Which dietary change is most beneficial for a patient with hypertension?

A. Increased sodium intake
B. Decreased potassium intake
C. Increased fiber intake
D. Increased cholesterol intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increased fiber intake. A diet high in fiber is beneficial for patients with hypertension as it helps lower blood pressure. Increasing fiber intake can aid in managing hypertension by promoting heart health and overall well-being. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Increased sodium intake is not recommended for hypertension as it can elevate blood pressure. Decreasing potassium intake is also not advised as potassium is essential for regulating blood pressure. Lastly, increasing cholesterol intake is detrimental for hypertension as it can contribute to cardiovascular issues and worsen the condition.

4. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client with a history of atherosclerosis and notes elevated cholesterol levels. Which statement by the client indicates the nurse should plan follow-up instruction on a low-cholesterol diet?

A. ''I take an omega-3 supplement daily.''
B. ''I cook my food with canola oil.''
C. ''I eat three eggs for breakfast each morning.''
D. ''I flavor my meat with lemon juice.''

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Eating three eggs daily increases cholesterol intake, which could exacerbate atherosclerosis. Choice A is incorrect because taking an omega-3 supplement can actually help reduce cholesterol levels. Choice B is incorrect as canola oil is a healthier choice compared to saturated fats. Choice D is incorrect since flavoring meat with lemon juice does not significantly impact cholesterol levels.

5. A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease should avoid which medication?

A. Acetaminophen
B. Antacids
C. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
D. Antihistamines

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease should avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) because they can worsen peptic ulcers. NSAIDs inhibit the production of prostaglandins, which help protect the stomach lining. Acetaminophen (Choice A) is a safer alternative for pain relief in patients with peptic ulcers. Antacids (Choice B) can actually help in symptom relief by neutralizing stomach acid. Antihistamines (Choice D) are not known to worsen peptic ulcers and are generally safe for use in patients with this condition.