Nursing Elites

1. _____ neutralizes stomach acid in the small intestine:

• A. saliva
• B. gastric mucus
• C. bicarbonate ions
• D. enzymes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: bicarbonate ions. Bicarbonate ions, secreted by the pancreas, neutralize the acidic chyme entering the small intestine from the stomach, creating a more suitable environment for digestive enzymes. Saliva (choice A) helps in the initial breakdown of food in the mouth, not in neutralizing stomach acid. Gastric mucus (choice B) protects the stomach lining from the acidic environment but does not neutralize the acid in the small intestine. Enzymes (choice D) facilitate chemical reactions in digestion but do not neutralize stomach acid.

2. Each of the following is a function of the liver except one. Which one is the exception?

• A. Regulatory control of nutrients in the bloodstream
• B. Conversion of monosaccharides to triglycerides
• C. Breakdown of polysaccharide glycogen into glucose
• D. Oxidation of digestive end products to provide energy

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The liver does not convert monosaccharides to triglycerides; instead, it converts monosaccharides to glucose or glycogen. Choice A is correct because the liver plays a role in regulating the levels of various nutrients in the bloodstream. Choice C is correct as the liver breaks down stored glycogen into glucose to maintain blood sugar levels. Choice D is correct as the liver oxidizes digestive end products to provide energy. Therefore, only choice B is incorrect as the liver does not convert monosaccharides to triglycerides.

3. What is considered an acceptable LDL cholesterol level for children and adolescents?

• A. Less than 70 mg/dL
• B. Less than 110 mg/dL
• C. Less than 129 mg/dL
• D. Less than 170 mg/dL

Correct answer: B

Rationale: An LDL cholesterol level of less than 110 mg/dL is considered acceptable and healthy for children and adolescents. This level helps reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because an LDL cholesterol level below 110 mg/dL is the recommended target for children and adolescents to maintain good heart health.

4. You are doing bed bath to the client when suddenly, The nursing assistant rushed to the room and tell you that the client from the other room was in Pain. The best intervention in such case is:

• A. Raise the side rails, cover the client and put the call bell within reach and then attend to the client in pain to give the
• B. Tell the nursing assistant to give the pain medication to the client complaining of pain
• C. Tell the nursing assistant to go the client’s room and tell the client to wait
• D. Finish the bed bath quickly then rush to the client in Pain

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

5. Approximately 70 to 80 percent of acute pancreatitis cases are caused by gallstones or _____.

• A. infection
• B. alcohol abuse
• C. diabetes
• D. obesity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Alcohol abuse is indeed a major cause of acute pancreatitis, along with gallstones, accounting for the majority of cases. While infections, diabetes, and obesity can also contribute to pancreatitis, they are not as prevalent as alcohol abuse and gallstones in causing acute pancreatitis.

Similar Questions