ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology
1. When providing discharge instructions to a client with a new prescription for Lisinopril, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid salt substitutes.
- B. Take this medication at bedtime.
- C. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
- D. Take this medication with food.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to avoid salt substitutes. Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can lead to hyperkalemia, so it is essential to avoid salt substitutes containing potassium, which can further increase potassium levels in the body. This instruction aims to prevent potential adverse effects and ensure the client's safety while taking Lisinopril. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because Lisinopril is typically taken once a day in the morning, it can lead to hyperkalemia (so increasing potassium-rich foods is not advised), and it can be taken with or without food.
2. What is a high-fiber food that the nurse should recommend for a child with chronic constipation?
- A. White rice
- B. Popcorn
- C. Fruit juice
- D. Ripe bananas
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Popcorn is a high-fiber food that can help manage chronic constipation in children. Other options like white rice and ripe bananas are low in fiber and less effective for treating constipation.
3. Latresha is not hungry, is extremely tired, and doesn't feel like doing much of anything. She often feels that life is just hopeless. These symptoms have been going on for 2 months now. She probably is suffering from which mood disorder?
- A. Generalized anxiety disorder
- B. Bipolar disorder
- C. Major depressive disorder
- D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Major Depressive Disorder. Latresha's symptoms of prolonged sadness, fatigue, and lack of interest in activities lasting for 2 months indicate a major depressive episode. Generalized anxiety disorder (A) is characterized by excessive worry and anxiety, not necessarily prolonged sadness. Bipolar disorder (B) involves episodes of both mania and depression, not solely prolonged sadness. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (D) is characterized by obsessions and compulsions, not the symptoms described in the scenario.
4. A client has a new prescription for Propranolol. Which of the following findings should be identified as a contraindication to this medication?
- A. Asthma
- B. Diabetes mellitus
- C. Hypertension
- D. Glaucoma
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker that can cause bronchoconstriction, making it contraindicated for clients with asthma. Asthma is a contraindication due to the potential for worsening bronchoconstriction and exacerbating respiratory symptoms. Choice B, diabetes mellitus, is not a contraindication for Propranolol. Choice C, hypertension, is actually an indication for Propranolol as it is commonly used to treat hypertension. Choice D, glaucoma, is not a contraindication for Propranolol use.
5. What is the maximum capacity of a normal adult bladder before involuntary micturition is likely to occur?
- A. 800-900ml
- B. 300-600ml
- C. 1000-2000ml
- D. 400-700ml
Correct answer: 300-600ml
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 300-600ml. A normal adult bladder can hold approximately 300-600ml of urine before the urge to urinate becomes strong and involuntary micturition is likely to occur. Choice A (800-900ml), Choice C (1000-2000ml), and Choice D (400-700ml) all exceed the typical capacity of a normal adult bladder and would generally not be accurate in the context of involuntary micturition.
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