ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. A nurse is caring for clients with electrolyte imbalances on a medical-surgical unit. Which clinical manifestations are correctly paired with the contributing electrolyte imbalance? (Select all that do not apply.)
- A. Hypokalemia Flaccid paralysis with respiratory depression
- B. Hyperphosphatemia Paresthesia with sensations of tingling and numbness
- C. . Hyponatremia Decreased level of consciousness
- D.
Correct answer: Hyperphosphatemia Paresthesia with sensations of tingling and numbness
Rationale:
2. What is a suitable nutritional goal for a preschool-aged child?
- A. Minimize messiness and spills.
- B. Introduce new foods gradually and provide variety.
- C. Finish all the food on the plate.
- D. Allow the child to eat only preferred foods.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Introducing new foods gradually and offering a variety of options is a suitable nutritional goal for preschool-aged children as it helps in providing essential nutrients and expanding their palate. Choice A is incorrect as reducing messiness and spills is more related to behavior than nutrition. Choice C is incorrect as forcing a child to finish all the food on the plate may override their natural hunger and fullness cues. Choice D is incorrect as allowing a child to eat only preferred foods may lead to an imbalanced diet lacking in essential nutrients.
3. A nurse is assessing a client who reports pain at the site of an indwelling urinary catheter. What is the nurse's first action?
- A. Irrigate the catheter with normal saline
- B. Notify the provider
- C. Administer prescribed antibiotics
- D. Assess for signs of infection
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When a client reports pain at the site of an indwelling urinary catheter, the nurse's first action should be to notify the provider. This is important to ensure timely assessment and intervention by the healthcare provider. Irrigating the catheter with normal saline or administering antibiotics should not be done without provider's orders as it may mask symptoms or lead to inappropriate treatment. Assessing for signs of infection is important but should come after notifying the provider, who can guide further assessment and treatment.
4. After teaching a client who was malnourished and is being discharged, a nurse assesses the clients understanding. Which statement indicates the client correctly understood teaching to decrease risk for the development of metabolic acidosis?
- A. I will drink at least three glasses of milk each day.
- B. . I will eat three well-balanced meals and a snack daily.
- C. . I will not take pain medication and antihistamines together.
- D. I will avoid salting my food when cooking or during meals.
Correct answer: . I will eat three well-balanced meals and a snack daily.
Rationale:
5. During a physical assessment of a hospitalized 5-year-old child, the healthcare provider notes that the foreskin has been retracted and is very tight on the shaft of the penis; they are unable to return it over the head of the penis. What action should the healthcare provider implement?
- A. Forcibly push the foreskin down over the head of the penis.
- B. Place a warm compress on the penis.
- C. Notify the healthcare provider in charge.
- D. Wait a few hours and try again.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to notify the healthcare provider in charge of this occurrence of paraphimosis. Paraphimosis is a urologic emergency where the foreskin is retracted and becomes tight, potentially impeding blood flow to the penis. It is crucial to seek medical intervention promptly to prevent complications.
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