ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Quizlet
1. A client has a new prescription for Labetalol. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication at bedtime.
- B. Avoid sudden discontinuation of the medication.
- C. Increase your intake of sodium-rich foods.
- D. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client on Labetalol is to avoid sudden discontinuation of the medication. Labetalol is a beta-blocker that, if abruptly stopped, can lead to rebound hypertension and other cardiac issues. It is essential for patients to taper off this medication under medical supervision to prevent adverse effects.
2. Proteolytic enzymes are most likely to break down which food type?
- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Proteins
- C. Fats
- D. Lipids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Proteolytic enzymes target proteins for breakdown into amino acids. Carbohydrates are broken down by enzymes like amylase, while fats are broken down by lipase. Lipids, which include fats, are not specifically targeted by proteolytic enzymes.
3. A client with heart failure has a new prescription for furosemide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. You should weigh yourself once a week while taking this medication.
- B. You should eat foods rich in potassium while taking this medication.
- C. You should take this medication at bedtime.
- D. You should take this medication with food to avoid stomach upset.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Clients taking furosemide, a potassium-wasting diuretic, should increase their intake of potassium-rich foods to prevent hypokalemia. Option A is incorrect because weight monitoring is crucial for furosemide due to fluid loss. Option C is incorrect as furosemide is usually taken in the morning to prevent nighttime diuresis. Option D is incorrect because furosemide is best taken on an empty stomach for better absorption.
4. Which of the following best describes the purpose of benchmarking in healthcare?
- A. To compare performance metrics across organizations
- B. To identify best practices and implement them
- C. To ensure compliance with standards
- D. To develop new clinical guidelines
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To identify best practices and implement them.' Benchmarking in healthcare aims to compare performance metrics across organizations to identify the most effective practices and implement them. This helps healthcare providers improve their performance and outcomes by adopting proven successful strategies. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because while benchmarking may involve comparing performance metrics and ensuring standards compliance, its primary purpose is to identify and implement best practices.
5. One of the most critical needs of the infant is control of body temperature. The nurse caring for a newborn warms all equipment that comes in direct contact with the newborn to help prevent which type of heat loss?
- A. Convection
- B. Evaporation
- C. Conduction
- D. Radiation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Conduction (choice C). Conduction heat loss occurs when the newborn’s skin comes into direct contact with a cooler surface, so warming equipment helps prevent this. Choice A, Convection, is the transfer of heat through air or water currents, not direct contact. Choice B, Evaporation, is the loss of heat through moisture on the skin evaporating, not direct contact. Choice D, Radiation, is the transfer of heat in the form of waves or particles, not direct contact.
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