ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A
1. The nurse has completed an education program on normal communication abilities in the preschool-age child. Which statement by a participant indicates a need for further education?
- A. When my child counts numbers, it is only to 10 and we are slowly working on counting higher.
- B. I am glad to know that my 4-year-old child asking so many questions is normal.
- C. Stating his name and address is too hard for my 5-year-old child; it will be another year before he can do that.
- D. My child is finally talking in a way that most of my friends can understand her speech.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. By age 5, children should be able to state their name and address. If a child cannot do this, it may indicate a developmental delay that requires further assessment. Choices A, B, and D do not indicate a need for further education as they reflect typical developmental milestones for preschool-age children, such as gradually improving counting skills, asking many questions, and improving speech clarity over time.
2. An infant is diagnosed with a tracheoesophageal fistula. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect?
- A. Jaundice
- B. Hyperactive bowel sounds
- C. Absence of sucking, vomiting
- D. Coughing, with excessive secretion
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Coughing with excessive secretion is a common sign of tracheoesophageal fistula. In this condition, the connection between the trachea and esophagus allows saliva and food to enter the airways, leading to coughing and excessive secretions. Choice A, jaundice, is not typically associated with tracheoesophageal fistula. Hyperactive bowel sounds (Choice B) are more likely seen in conditions like gastroenteritis. Absence of sucking and vomiting (Choice C) is not a typical finding related to tracheoesophageal fistula.
3. When a pre-school child says the sun shines to keep her warm, this is an example of:
- A. Animism
- B. Artificialism
- C. Egocentrism
- D. Centering
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Artificialism. Artificialism is the belief that natural phenomena are created by human beings for human purposes. In this scenario, the child attributes human-like intentions to the sun, assuming it shines specifically to keep her warm. Choice A, Animism, is the belief that natural objects and phenomena are alive and have feelings. Choice C, Egocentrism, refers to a child's difficulty in seeing things from another person's perspective. Choice D, Centering, involves focusing on only one aspect of a situation while ignoring other relevant aspects.
4. When assessing a family, the nurse determines that the parents exert little or no control over their children. This style of parenting is called which?
- A. Permissive
- B. Dictatorial
- C. Democratic
- D. Authoritarian
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Permissive parenting is characterized by parents exerting little or no control over their children, leading to a lack of boundaries and structure.
5. What is an appropriate play activity for a 7-month-old infant to encourage visual stimulation?
- A. Playing peek-a-boo
- B. Playing pat-a-cake
- C. Imitating animal sounds
- D. Showing how to clap hands
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Playing peek-a-boo is an ideal play activity for a 7-month-old as it encourages visual tracking and social interaction, which are key developmental milestones at this age.