a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for clonidine to treat hypertension which of the following instructions should the nurse include

ATI RN

ATI Pharmacology Test Bank

1. A client has a prescription for Clonidine to treat hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A. Discontinue the medication if you experience dry mouth.
B. Take the medication at the same time each day.
C. Double the dose if you miss a dose.
D. Avoid drinking orange juice while taking this medication.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: Taking Clonidine at the same time each day is crucial to ensure consistent blood levels and effectively manage blood pressure. Consistency in timing helps optimize the medication's effectiveness in controlling hypertension.

2. A client with HIV-1 infection is prescribed zidovudine as part of antiretroviral therapy. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

A. Cardiac dysrhythmia
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Renal failure
D. Aplastic anemia

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Zidovudine is associated with the development of aplastic anemia, a serious adverse effect characterized by bone marrow suppression. Regular monitoring is essential to detect this side effect early and prevent complications. Cardiac dysrhythmia, metabolic alkalosis, and renal failure are not commonly associated with zidovudine use, making them incorrect choices for adverse effects of this medication.

3. What is the primary action of warfarin as an anticoagulant?

A. Prevents the formation of blood clots
B. Dissolves existing blood clots
C. Dilates coronary arteries
D. Treats rhythm disturbances

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Prevents the formation of blood clots." Warfarin acts as an anticoagulant by inhibiting the synthesis of certain clotting factors in the liver. This action reduces the blood's ability to clot, making it effective in preventing the formation of blood clots. Choice B is incorrect because warfarin does not dissolve existing blood clots; it prevents their formation. Choice C is incorrect because warfarin's primary action is not to dilate coronary arteries. Choice D is incorrect as warfarin is not used to treat rhythm disturbances, but rather to prevent clot formation.

4. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Prednisone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A. Increase your intake of vitamin
B. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
C. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
D. Take this medication every other day.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Prednisone can lead to bone loss, so clients should increase their intake of vitamin D and calcium to help maintain bone health.

5. Which of the following conditions is not treated with Dexamethasone?

A. Inflammation
B. Asthma
C. Addison’s disease
D. Wilson’s disease

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Dexamethasone is not used to treat Wilson’s disease. It is a corticosteroid primarily used for conditions like inflammation, asthma, and Addison’s disease. Wilson’s disease is a genetic disorder involving copper accumulation and is treated with medications like chelating agents or zinc salts, not Dexamethasone.