Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary focus of a patient safety program?

• A. To reduce healthcare costs
• B. To improve clinical outcomes
• C. To enhance patient satisfaction
• D. To comply with regulatory standards

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary focus of a patient safety program is to enhance patient satisfaction by ensuring safe practices. While reducing healthcare costs and improving clinical outcomes are important aspects influenced by patient safety programs, the main goal is to prioritize patient well-being and satisfaction. Complying with regulatory standards is essential but not the primary focus; it is a means to achieve safe practices for the benefit of patients.

2. Which of the following are effective ways to apply power and politics in nursing? (EXCEPT)

• A. Picketing the employer
• B. Networking with other professionals
• C. Writing letters to legislators
• D. Joining professional organizations

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A - 'Picketing the employer.' Networking with other professionals, writing letters to legislators, and joining professional organizations are effective ways to apply power and politics in nursing. Picketing the employer is not an appropriate approach in a healthcare setting as it may lead to disruptions in patient care and conflict within the workplace.

3. A nurse is evaluating teaching for a client who has heart failure. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I am limiting my sodium intake to 2 grams daily.
• B. I have been weighing myself every other morning.
• C. I am trying to decrease my intake of foods with potassium.
• D. I am eating fewer potato chips and more fruit for snacks.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Limiting sodium intake is crucial for clients with heart failure to manage their condition effectively. Excessive sodium can lead to fluid retention and worsen heart failure symptoms. Weighing oneself is important for monitoring fluid retention but does not directly show an understanding of dietary restrictions. Decreasing potassium intake is not typically recommended for heart failure clients unless specifically advised by a healthcare provider. While choosing healthier snacks is beneficial, the focus on sodium intake is more critical for heart failure management.

4. A patient who was admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis secondary to a urinary tract infection has been weaned off an insulin drip 30 minutes ago. The patient reports feeling lightheaded and sweaty. Which action should the nurse take first?

• A. Infuse dextrose 50% by slow IV push.
• B. Administer 1 mg glucagon subcutaneously.
• C. Obtain a glucose reading using a finger stick.
• D. Have the patient drink 4 ounces of orange juice.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first when a patient reports feeling lightheaded and sweaty after being weaned off an insulin drip is to obtain a glucose reading using a finger stick. This will provide crucial information on the patient's current blood glucose level, helping the nurse assess if the symptoms are due to hypoglycemia. Based on the glucose reading, appropriate interventions can be initiated, such as administering dextrose, glucagon, or oral sugars like orange juice if hypoglycemia is confirmed. However, verifying the blood glucose level is the initial step to guide subsequent actions and ensure patient safety.

5. A nurse enters a client's room and finds them on the floor. The client's roommate reports that the client was trying to get out of bed and fell over the side rail onto the floor. Which of the following statements should the nurse document about this incident?

• A. Incident report completed.
• B. Client climbed over the side rails.
• C. Client was trying to get out of bed.
• D. Client found lying on floor.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Client was trying to get out of bed." This statement accurately reflects the sequence of events leading to the client's fall and provides crucial information for assessing the situation. Choice A is incorrect because documenting the completion of an incident report is not relevant to describing the incident itself. Choice B incorrectly states that the client climbed over the side rails, which is not supported by the information provided. Choice D is too vague and does not provide details about the client's actions prior to falling.

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