ATI RN
ATI RN Custom Exams Set 2
1. Which type of anemia is associated with chronic kidney disease?
- A. Iron-deficiency anemia
- B. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
- C. Aplastic anemia
- D. Erythropoietin deficiency anemia
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Erythropoietin deficiency anemia. Chronic kidney disease often leads to anemia due to decreased production of erythropoietin. This hormone, produced by the kidneys, stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by low iron levels, vitamin B12 deficiency anemia by inadequate vitamin B12, and aplastic anemia by bone marrow failure.
2. When caring for a child with an intravenous (IV) infusion, what is an appropriate nursing action?
- A. Change the insertion site every 24 hours.
- B. Check the insertion site frequently for signs of infiltration.
- C. Use a macrodropper to facilitate reaching the prescribed flow rate.
- D. Avoid restraining the child to prevent undue emotional stress.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Frequent monitoring of the IV site for signs of infiltration is crucial to prevent tissue damage, especially in pediatric patients. Changing the site every 24 hours is unnecessary unless complications arise, and using a macrodropper is not specific to pediatric care.
3. What is the action of Metformin?
- A. Decreasing intestinal glucose absorption
- B. Increasing sensitivity to insulin
- C. Decreasing hepatic glucose production
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Metformin exerts its effects by decreasing hepatic glucose production, increasing sensitivity to insulin, and decreasing intestinal glucose absorption. These actions help in lowering blood glucose levels and improving insulin sensitivity in individuals with diabetes.
4. A nurse is planning care for a client who is hyperventilating. The clients arterial blood gas values are pH 7.30, PaO2 94 mm Hg, PaCO2 31 mm Hg, and HCO3 26 mEq/L. Which question should the nurse ask when developing this clients plan of care?
- A. Do you take any over-the-counter medications?
- B. You appear anxious. What is causing your distress?
- C. Do you have a history of anxiety attacks?
- D. You are breathing fast. Is this causing you to feel light-headed?
Correct answer: You appear anxious. What is causing your distress?
Rationale:
5. While a patient is receiving IV doxorubicin hydrochloride for the treatment of cancer, the nurse observes swelling and pain at the IV site. The nurse should prioritize what action?
- A. Stopping the administration of the drug immediately
- B. Notifying the patient's physician
- C. Continuing the infusion but decreasing the rate
- D. Applying a warm compress to the infusion site
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when observing swelling and pain at the IV site during the administration of doxorubicin hydrochloride is to stop the administration of the drug immediately. Doxorubicin hydrochloride can cause severe tissue damage, so discontinuing the infusion is crucial to prevent further harm to the patient. Notifying the physician is important, but it should not take precedence over stopping the drug. Continuing the infusion, even at a decreased rate, can exacerbate tissue damage. Applying a warm compress is not appropriate in this situation and may worsen the tissue injury caused by the drug.