Nursing Elites

1. Which student lunch is the least nutritious?

• A. Ham sandwich, apple, and milk
• B. Hamburger, fries, and soft drink
• C. Macaroni and cheese, green beans, and peaches
• D. Meatloaf, broccoli, and pear slices

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B - 'Hamburger, fries, and soft drink' as it contains foods high in unhealthy fats, sugars, and low nutritional value. A hamburger, fries, and a soft drink are considered less nutritious compared to the other options. Choice A includes a ham sandwich, apple, and milk, which provide a balance of protein, fiber, and calcium. Choice C consists of macaroni and cheese, green beans, and peaches, offering a mix of carbohydrates, vegetables, and fruits. Choice D contains meatloaf, broccoli, and pear slices, which provide a good source of protein, vitamins, and fiber. Therefore, option B is the least nutritious among the given choices.

2. A nurse is planning care for a toddler who has burns over 50% total body surface area. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

• A. Administer enteral feedings
• B. Limit intake of vitamin C
• C. Limit dietary protein
• D. Administer insulin prior to meals

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Administering enteral feedings is crucial for ensuring adequate nutrition and supporting healing in toddlers with extensive burns. Burns over 50% total body surface area can lead to increased metabolic demands, making it essential to provide nutrition through enteral feedings to meet the child's needs for healing and recovery. Limiting intake of vitamin C or dietary protein would be detrimental in this scenario as the child requires increased amounts of nutrients to support healing. Administering insulin prior to meals is not indicated in this case as the priority is to provide adequate nutrition to promote healing.

3. A client needs to increase his protein intake and enjoys certain foods. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as the best source of protein among these suggestions?

• A. Yams
• B. Eggs
• C. Chicken
• D. Peanuts

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Chicken is the best source of protein among the options provided. It is a lean source of protein and contains essential amino acids needed for the body. Eggs are also a good source of protein, but chicken typically contains more protein per serving compared to eggs. Peanuts are a good source of plant-based protein, but chicken provides a higher amount of protein and is usually leaner. Yams, while nutritious, are not a significant source of protein compared to chicken, eggs, or peanuts.

4. In an extreme situation and when no other resident or intern is available, should a nurse receive telephone orders, the order has to be correctly written and signed by the physician within:

• A. 24 hours
• B. 36 hours
• C. 48 hours
• D. 12 hours

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In an extreme situation where no other resident or intern is available, if a nurse receives telephone orders, the order has to be correctly written and signed by the physician within 36 hours. This time frame ensures timely documentation and validation of the orders. Choice A (24 hours) is too short a period for busy physicians to fulfill the task. Choice C (48 hours) is too long and delays the incorporation of physician orders into the patient's care plan. Choice D (12 hours) may not provide enough time for the physician to review and sign the order, especially in situations where immediate attention is not required.

5. Diego is undergoing blood transfusion of the first unit. The earliest signs of transfusion reactions are:

• A. Oliguria and jaundice
• B. Urticaria and wheezing
• C. Headache, chills, & fever
• D. Hypertension and flushing

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

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