Nursing Elites

1. Which student lunch is the least nutritious?

• A. Ham sandwich, apple, and milk
• B. Hamburger, fries, and soft drink
• C. Macaroni and cheese, green beans, and peaches
• D. Meatloaf, broccoli, and pear slices

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B - 'Hamburger, fries, and soft drink' as it contains foods high in unhealthy fats, sugars, and low nutritional value. A hamburger, fries, and a soft drink are considered less nutritious compared to the other options. Choice A includes a ham sandwich, apple, and milk, which provide a balance of protein, fiber, and calcium. Choice C consists of macaroni and cheese, green beans, and peaches, offering a mix of carbohydrates, vegetables, and fruits. Choice D contains meatloaf, broccoli, and pear slices, which provide a good source of protein, vitamins, and fiber. Therefore, option B is the least nutritious among the given choices.

2. The principal cation in plasma and interstitial fluid is:

• A. Sodium
• B. Potassium
• C. Calcium
• D. Magnesium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The principal cation in plasma and interstitial fluid is sodium. Sodium plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance and is the primary cation in extracellular fluids like plasma and interstitial fluid. Potassium is the primary cation within cells, not in extracellular fluids, making it an incorrect choice. Calcium and magnesium are essential minerals but are not the principal cations in plasma and interstitial fluid, so they are also incorrect choices.

3. A client says to the nurse “I am worthless person, I should be dead” The nurse best replies:

• A. “Don’t say you are worthless, you are not a worthless person”
• B. “We are going to help you with your feelings”
• C. “What makes you feel you’re worthless?”
• D. “What you say is not true”

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

4. What is the term for a state of disequilibrium wherein a person cannot readily solve a problem or situation using their usual coping mechanisms?

• A. Crisis
• B. Mental health
• C. Mental illness
• D. Stress

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In psychological terms, a 'Crisis' refers to a state of disequilibrium wherein a person cannot readily solve a problem or situation even by using his usual coping mechanisms. This is different from 'Mental Illness' (Choice C) which is a more general term for a wide range of mental health conditions that affect mood, thinking and behavior. 'Mental Health' (Choice B) is a state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able to make a contribution to his or her community. Finally, 'Stress' (Choice D) is a state of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from adverse or demanding circumstances, but it does not necessarily disrupt equilibrium to the extent that usual coping mechanisms are ineffective, unlike 'Crisis'.

5. Prevention of work related accidents in factories and industries are responsibilities of which field of nursing?

• A. School health nursing
• B. Private duty nursing
• C. Occupational health nursing
• D. Institutional nursing

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

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