Nursing Elites

1. Which student lunch is the least nutritious?

• A. Ham sandwich, apple, and milk
• B. Hamburger, fries, and soft drink
• C. Macaroni and cheese, green beans, and peaches
• D. Meatloaf, broccoli, and pear slices

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B - 'Hamburger, fries, and soft drink' as it contains foods high in unhealthy fats, sugars, and low nutritional value. A hamburger, fries, and a soft drink are considered less nutritious compared to the other options. Choice A includes a ham sandwich, apple, and milk, which provide a balance of protein, fiber, and calcium. Choice C consists of macaroni and cheese, green beans, and peaches, offering a mix of carbohydrates, vegetables, and fruits. Choice D contains meatloaf, broccoli, and pear slices, which provide a good source of protein, vitamins, and fiber. Therefore, option B is the least nutritious among the given choices.

2. The rationales for using a prostaglandin gel for a client prior to the induction of labor is to:

• A. Soften and efface the cervix
• B. Numb cervical pain receptors
• C. Prevent cervical lacerations
• D. Stimulate uterine contractions

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

3. Each statement is true of rickets, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Rickets is being diagnosed more frequently in the United States.
• B. Rickets is caused by vitamin C deficiency.
• C. Tachetic deformities such as bow legs or knock-knees develop.
• D. A narrow and distorted chest occurs.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rickets is caused by vitamin D deficiency, not vitamin C deficiency. It usually occurs in children who are 1 to 3 years old. The name rickets came from the word 'wrikken,' meaning 'to bend or twist.' Common manifestations of rickets include tachetic deformities like bow legs or knock-knees, a narrow and distorted chest, and failure of the epiphyses of bones to develop normally, resulting in twisted and warped bones. While the diagnosis of rickets may be increasing in the United States, it is not caused by a lack of vitamin C.

4. Richard is a subject of a research lead by his doctor. The nurse knows that all of the following is a correct understanding as his right as a research subject except:

• A. I can withdraw with this research even after the research has been started
• B. My confidentiality will not be compromised in this research
• C. I must choose another doctor if I withdrew from this research
• D. I can withdraw with this research before the research has been started

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

5. What would a diet manual most likely contain?

• A. Procedures for disinfecting cooking surfaces
• B. Staff sanitation guidelines
• C. Information on specific patients' resting metabolic rates
• D. Specific food preparation methods

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A diet manual typically contains guidance on specific food preparation methods to ensure proper nutrition and health for individuals following the diet. Therefore, choice D is correct. Choices A and B refer to sanitation procedures and staff hygiene issues, which are important but not typically the focus of a diet manual. Choice C, regarding specific patients' resting metabolic rates, is too individualized and detailed for a general diet manual, as it would be part of a personalized dietary plan developed with a healthcare professional.

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