Nursing Elites

1. Which step of the management process is concerned with Policy making and Stating the goals and objective of the institution?

• A. Planning
• B. Organizing
• C. Directing
• D. Controlling

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

2. A healthcare professional is preparing to remove a client’s clogged NG tube prior to re-inserting a new tube. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take first?

• A. Assist the client in blowing their nose.
• B. Ask the client to take a deep breath and hold it.
• C. Pinch the proximal end of the tube.
• D. Disconnect the tube from the suction source.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: Disconnecting the tube from the suction source is the first step in safely removing a clogged NG tube. This action helps prevent any suction-related complications and ensures a smooth transition when removing the tube. Choice A, assisting the client to blow their nose, is not necessary in this situation. Choice B, asking the client to take a deep breath and hold it, is unrelated to the process of removing a clogged NG tube. Choice C, pinching the proximal end of the tube, should only be done after disconnecting the tube from the suction source to prevent the contents from leaking.

3. Vitamin deficiencies, especially the B-complex vitamins, seldom occur in isolation. Folate, a B-complex vitamin, is the exception because it functions separately from other vitamins.

• A. Both statements are true.
• B. Both statements are false.
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false.
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The first statement is true; the second is false. If a deficiency of one vitamin is suspected, symptoms of other vitamin B deficiencies also may be present. Folate deficiencies usually occur with other nutrient deficiencies. Specifically, folate functions in conjunction with vitamins B12 and C in maintaining normal levels of mature red blood cells.

4. A client who is postoperative following a liver transplant and weighs 65 kg. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

• A. Keep the client NPO for the first week postoperative.
• B. Limit caloric content once the client resumes eating.
• C. Stress the importance of safe food-handling practices.
• D. Decrease foods high in carbohydrates once the client resumes eating.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: After a liver transplant, it is crucial to stress the importance of safe food-handling practices to prevent foodborne illnesses, especially due to the client's altered immune system. Keeping the client NPO for the first week postoperative is not recommended as early nutrition support is essential for recovery. Limiting caloric content once the client resumes eating may not be appropriate as they need adequate nutrition for healing. Decreasing foods high in carbohydrates without a specific indication may lead to inadequate nutrient intake, which is not ideal for the client's recovery.

5. Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) may be responsible for the increased incidence of noma and necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) because these conditions are associated with depressed immune responses caused by nutritional deficiencies.

• A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related
• B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related
• C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct
• D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The corrected question highlights that protein-energy malnutrition weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to conditions like noma and NUG, which are linked to compromised immunity. Choice A is correct because the statement and reason are both accurate and directly related. Protein-energy malnutrition does result in depressed immune responses, which can predispose individuals to noma and NUG. Choice B is incorrect because the statement and reason are indeed related. Choice C is incorrect as both the statement and reason are accurate. Choice D is also incorrect as the statement is correct and directly supports the reason provided.

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