Nursing Elites

1. Which statement best describes colic?

• A. Periods of abdominal pain resulting in weight loss
• B. Usually the result of poor or inadequate mothering
• C. Periods of abdominal pain and crying occurring in infants older than age 6 months
• D. A paroxysmal abdominal pain or cramping manifested by episodes of loud crying

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Colic is characterized by episodes of loud, inconsolable crying, often due to abdominal discomfort, and typically occurs in infants younger than 6 months. It is not related to poor mothering, nor does it necessarily result in weight loss.

2. The nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The nurse understands that the peak age at onset for this disease is what?

• A. 2 to 4 years
• B. 5 to 7 years
• C. 8 to 10 years
• D. 11 to 13 years

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The peak age for the onset of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is typically between 5 and 7 years old. This age group is most affected due to the higher incidence of streptococcal infections in school-aged children, which can lead to this renal complication.

3. What may be a clinical manifestation of failure to thrive (FTT) in a 13-month-old include?

• A. Irregularity in activities of daily living
• B. Preferring solid food to milk or formula
• C. Weight that is at or below the 10th percentile
• D. Appropriate achievement of developmental landmarks

Correct answer: C

Rationale: FTT is characterized by weight that falls below the 10th percentile, often accompanied by delayed developmental milestones and poor feeding habits. Regularity in activities and preference for solid food over milk or formula are less commonly associated with FTT.

4. The parents of a 2-month-old boy are concerned about spoiling their son by picking him up when he cries. What is the nurse's best response?

• A. Allow him to cry for no longer than 15 minutes and then pick him up
• B. Babies need comforting and cuddling. Meeting these needs will not spoil him
• C. Babies this young cry when they are hungry. Try feeding him when he cries
• D. If he isn’t soiled or wet, leave him, and he'll cry himself to sleep

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Comforting and cuddling a 2-month-old baby when they cry helps build trust and security. At this age, responding to cries does not lead to spoiling, but rather supports healthy emotional development.

5. What do the clinical manifestations of minimal change nephrotic syndrome include?

• A. Hematuria, bacteriuria, and weight gain
• B. Gross hematuria, albuminuria, and fever
• C. Hypertension, weight loss, and proteinuria
• D. Massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Minimal change nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema due to the loss of protein in the urine. Hematuria, bacteriuria, and weight loss are not typical features of this condition.

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