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ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. Which parental statement indicates correct understanding of preventive techniques for heat-related illnesses when children exercise?
- A. Wearing dark clothing during exercise is not recommended.
- B. Water is the preferred fluid for fluid replenishment.
- C. During activity, stopping for fluids every 15 to 20 minutes is essential.
- D. Hydration should be maintained throughout the exercise session.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct preventive technique for heat-related illnesses during exercise is to stop for fluids every 15 to 20 minutes to prevent dehydration and maintain hydration levels. This practice helps regulate body temperature and prevent heat-related complications. Choice A is incorrect as wearing light-colored, loose-fitting clothing is recommended to reflect sunlight and allow better air circulation. Choice B is incorrect as while water is important, a sports drink containing electrolytes may be more beneficial for longer exercise sessions. Choice D is incorrect as it does not emphasize the importance of regular fluid intake during exercise to prevent dehydration.
2. When caring for a child with hyponatremia, a nurse delegates care to a licensed vocational nurse (LVN) and instructs the LVN to promptly report which clinical manifestation?
- A. Seizures
- B. Respiratory distress
- C. Hyperthermia
- D. Bradycardia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Seizures are a significant concern in severe hyponatremia as they indicate potential neurological complications and the need for urgent intervention to prevent further harm to the child. Prompt reporting of seizures allows for timely assessment and appropriate treatment to ensure the child's safety and well-being.
3. A nurse is planning care to address nutritional needs for a preschooler with cystic fibrosis. Which interventions should the nurse include in plans?
- A. Administer pancreatic enzymes 2 hours after meals.
- B. Monitor and adjust the use of pancreatic enzymes if steatorrhea develops.
- C. Encourage adequate fluid intake based on the child's needs.
- D. Increase fat content in the child's diet to 40% of total calories.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Increasing fat content in the diet is essential for meeting the high energy needs of a child with cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis impairs the absorption of nutrients, particularly fats, so increasing the fat content in the child's diet to 40% of total calories helps ensure adequate caloric intake. This intervention can help maintain the child's nutritional status and support growth and development.
4. A parent of a preschooler is being taught by a nurse about administering ear drops. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will straighten my child's ear canal by pulling it upward and backward.
- B. I will administer the ear drops immediately after removing them from the refrigerator.
- C. I will pull the ear lobe down and back before administering the ear drops.
- D. I will massage my child's ear after administering the ear drops.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Correct administration of ear drops includes massaging the child's ear after administering the drops to facilitate proper absorption of the medication. This action helps ensure the effectiveness of the treatment. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A describes incorrect positioning of the ear canal, choice B mentions incorrect storage of the ear drops, and choice C describes an incorrect technique for administering ear drops.
5. When teaching a parent of a child with hemophilia, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Administer aspirin for pain.
- B. Avoid administering NSAIDs.
- C. Restrict physical activities.
- D. Apply heat to joints.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Avoid administering NSAIDs.' Hemophilia is a condition where blood does not clot properly. NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) can increase the risk of bleeding in individuals with hemophilia. Therefore, it is crucial for the parent to avoid giving their child NSAIDs for pain management to prevent exacerbating bleeding tendencies. Choice A is incorrect because aspirin, like NSAIDs, can also increase the risk of bleeding. Choice C is incorrect because physical activities should not be restricted but rather managed to prevent injuries that could lead to bleeding. Choice D is incorrect because applying heat to joints can worsen bleeding in individuals with hemophilia.
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