ATI RN
ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam
1. Which assessment finding for a 4-month-old infant would require further action by the nurse?
- A. The posterior fontanel is open.
- B. The infant has good head control when held upright.
- C. The infant is able to roll only from abdomen to back.
- D. The anterior fontanel is open and soft.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The posterior fontanel should be closed by 4 months of age. An open posterior fontanel at this age may indicate a delay in normal closure, which could be a cause for concern and require further evaluation by the healthcare provider to ensure proper development and growth. Choices B, C, and D are typical developmental milestones for a 4-month-old infant and do not raise immediate concerns requiring further action by the nurse.
2. The Asian parent of a child being seen in the clinic avoids eye contact with the nurse. What is the best explanation for this considering cultural differences?
- A. The parent feels inferior to the nurse
- B. The parent is showing respect for the nurse
- C. The parent is embarrassed to seek health care
- D. The parent feels responsible for her child's illness
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect, especially towards authority figures such as healthcare providers.
3. A patient has been diagnosed with cytomegalovirus (CMV). Which of the following drugs would be ineffective in the treatment of this disease?
- A. Ribavirin (Rebetol)
- B. Ganciclovir (Cytovene) IV
- C. Foscarnet (Foscavir) IV
- D. Valganciclovir hydrochloride (Valcyte)
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Ribavirin (Rebetol). Ribavirin is not effective against CMV. Choice B, Ganciclovir (Cytovene) IV, is a common treatment for CMV as it inhibits viral DNA synthesis. Choice C, Foscarnet (Foscavir) IV, is also used for CMV infections by blocking viral DNA polymerase. Choice D, Valganciclovir hydrochloride (Valcyte), is a prodrug of Ganciclovir and is effective against CMV. Therefore, Ribavirin is the drug that would be ineffective in treating CMV.
4. The nurse is caring for a client who has chronic angina. Treatment for the condition has been unsuccessful. Which medication does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed?
- A. Atenolol (Tenormin)
- B. Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)
- C. Sildenafil (Viagra)
- D. Ranolazine (Ranexa)
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In cases of chronic angina where initial treatment has not been successful, Ranolazine (Ranexa) is often prescribed. This medication helps by reducing the frequency of angina episodes. Atenolol, Nitroglycerin, and Sildenafil are also used in angina management but Ranolazine is more specifically indicated in cases of refractory angina where other treatments have failed.
5. A client is being discharged with a new prescription for Fluoxetine for PTS. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You may experience a decreased desire for intimacy while taking this medication.
- B. You should take this medication in the morning to avoid sleep disturbances.
- C. To minimize urinary adverse effects, ensure you urinate before taking this medication.
- D. It is recommended to wear sunglasses outdoors due to the light sensitivity caused by this medication.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement for the nurse to include in the teaching is that the client may experience a decreased desire for intimacy while taking Fluoxetine for PTS. This is important because Fluoxetine, an SSRI used to treat PTS, can lead to decreased libido as a potential adverse effect. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the specific side effect associated with Fluoxetine and are not directly relevant to the medication's effects for this patient.
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