Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following interventions is considered the most effective form of universal precautions?

• A. Cap all used needles before removing them from their syringes
• B. Discard all used uncapped needles and syringes in an impenetrable protective container
• C. Wear gloves when administering IM injections
• D. Follow enteric precautions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most effective form of universal precautions is to discard all used uncapped needles and syringes in an impenetrable protective container. This practice minimizes the risk of needle-stick injuries, which are a significant concern when dealing with used needles. By safely disposing of uncapped needles, healthcare providers can protect themselves and others from potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens.

2. What should be done in order to prevent contamination of the environment when making a bed?

• A. Avoid flinging soiled linens
• B. Strip all linens at the same time
• C. Finish both sides at the same time
• D. Embrace soiled linen

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct practice to prevent contamination of the environment when making a bed is to avoid flinging soiled linens. Flinging soiled linens can spread contaminants in the environment, leading to potential health risks. By handling soiled linens properly and avoiding flinging them, the risk of contamination is minimized, ensuring a safer and cleaner environment. Stripping all linens at the same time (choice B) may not necessarily prevent contamination if the soiled linens are flung around. Finishing both sides at the same time (choice C) is unrelated to preventing contamination. Embracing soiled linen (choice D) is not hygienic and can lead to spreading contaminants.

3. A healthcare provider is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following clients is not at risk for pulmonary embolism?

• A. A client who has a BMI of 30
• B. A female client who is postmenopausal
• C. A client who has a fractured femur
• D. A client who has chronic atrial fibrillation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Postmenopausal status is not a significant risk factor for pulmonary embolism. Risk factors for pulmonary embolism include obesity (BMI of 30 or higher), immobility such as having a fractured femur, and conditions like chronic atrial fibrillation that increase the risk of blood clot formation. While postmenopausal status may be associated with other health risks, it is not directly linked to an increased risk of pulmonary embolism.

4. To assess the kidney function of a patient with an indwelling urinary (Foley) catheter, the nurse measures the hourly urine output. When should she notify the physician?

• A. Less than 30 ml/hour
• B. 64 ml in 2 hours
• C. 90 ml in 3 hours
• D. 125 ml in 4 hours

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Notifying the physician is necessary when the urine output is less than 30 ml/hour as it indicates impaired kidney function. Adequate urine output is essential for monitoring kidney function, and a urine output less than 30 ml/hour could suggest potential renal issues that require medical attention.

5. A healthcare professional is planning care for a client following the insertion of a chest tube and drainage system. Which of the following should NOT be included in the plan of care?

• A. Encourage the client to cough every 2 hours.
• B. Check for continuous bubbling in the suction chamber.
• C. Strip the drainage tubing every 4 hours.
• D. Obtain a chest x-ray

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Stripping the drainage tubing is an outdated practice and can cause complications. Encouraging the client to cough helps with lung expansion, checking for continuous bubbling ensures proper functioning of the chest tube system, and obtaining a chest x-ray helps to assess the position of the chest tube and re-expansion of the lung. Therefore, stripping the drainage tubing every 4 hours should not be included in the plan of care.

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