ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored
1. What is the antidote for copper toxicity?
- A. Glucagon
- B. Aminocaproic acid
- C. Atropine
- D. Penicillamine
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Penicillamine is the specific chelating agent used for copper toxicity. It forms stable complexes with copper, which are then excreted in the urine. Glucagon is used for treating hypoglycemia, aminocaproic acid is used to treat bleeding disorders, and atropine is used as an antidote for certain types of poisoning, such as organophosphate toxicity.
2. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Weight gain of 1.4 kg (3 lb) in the past 2 weeks.
- B. Exophthalmos.
- C. Tachycardia.
- D. Heat intolerance.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Weight gain can indicate myxedema, which is a symptom commonly seen in hypothyroidism. Exophthalmos (choice B) is actually a characteristic finding of hyperthyroidism, not hypothyroidism. Tachycardia (choice C) and heat intolerance (choice D) are also more indicative of hyperthyroidism rather than hypothyroidism.
3. A school-age child is 4 hours postoperative following perforated appendicitis repair. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Maintain the child on a clear liquid diet for 48 hours.
- B. Administer antibiotics for 7 days.
- C. Apply warm compresses to the surgical site every 4 hours.
- D. Keep the child on NPO status for 24 hours.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Administering antibiotics for 7 days is essential postoperatively to prevent infections and complications in a child who underwent perforated appendicitis repair. This helps in reducing the risk of secondary infections and promoting healing. Clear liquid diets, warm compresses, and prolonged fasting are not the primary interventions indicated in this scenario.
4. Which is most likely to initiate periodontal disease?
- A. Nutrient deficiencies
- B. Nutrient excesses
- C. Nutrient imbalances
- D. Plaque biofilm
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Plaque biofilm is the primary initiator of periodontal disease, as it harbors bacteria that can lead to inflammation and destruction of the periodontal tissues.
5. What is the most appropriate method to assess a patient's level of consciousness?
- A. Use the Glasgow Coma Scale
- B. Assess the patient's orientation
- C. Check pupillary response
- D. Monitor vital signs
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Using the Glasgow Coma Scale. The Glasgow Coma Scale is a standardized tool used to assess a patient's level of consciousness by evaluating their eye response, verbal response, and motor response. This scale provides a numeric value that helps in determining the severity of brain injury or altered mental status. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while assessing the patient's orientation, checking pupillary response, and monitoring vital signs are important components of a comprehensive patient assessment, they do not specifically target the assessment of consciousness level, which is best done using the Glasgow Coma Scale.
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