ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice A
1. What is the absorbable unit of a protein?
- A. Amino acid
- B. Pepsin
- C. Glucose
- D. Sucrose
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Amino acids are the correct answer because they are the building blocks of proteins that the body absorbs after digestion. Pepsin, choice B, is incorrect as it is an enzyme that aids in the digestion of proteins, not the absorbable unit of them. Choices C and D, glucose and sucrose, are wrong because they are types of sugars, not proteins.
2. In a patient with liver cirrhosis, weight gain due to fluid retention can mask the symptoms of what condition?
- A. Liver failure
- B. Gallbladder disease
- C. Heart failure
- D. Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM)
Correct answer: D: Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM)
Rationale: In a patient with liver cirrhosis, weight gain due to fluid retention can mask Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) symptoms. This can lead to an increase in weight, making it challenging to identify weight loss or muscle wasting associated with PEM. Therefore, option D is correct. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because fluid retention and weight gain related to liver cirrhosis do not necessarily hide the symptoms of liver failure, gallbladder disease, or heart failure.
3. Following bariatric surgery, a patient would initially be given what type of diet?
- A. regular diet
- B. pureed diet
- C. clear liquid diet
- D. soft diet
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A clear liquid diet is typically the first step after bariatric surgery to allow the stomach to heal and prevent complications.
4. Amy is a 68-year-old patient who has rheumatoid arthritis affecting her hands and feet. Which substance has been shown to reduce joint tenderness and improve mobility in some people with this type of arthritis?
- A. Alfalfa Tea
- B. Cod Liver Oil
- C. Lecithin
- D. Fish Oil
Correct answer: Fish Oil
Rationale: Fish oil has been identified as a substance that can help reduce joint tenderness and improve mobility in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis, as it is rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties that can help alleviate the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. On the other hand, while Alfalfa Tea, Cod Liver Oil, and Lecithin have various health benefits, there isn't substantial evidence to suggest that they can improve conditions associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
5. An elderly man is hospitalized with a diagnosis of malnutrition three months following his wife's death. What risk factor for malnutrition does this scenario illustrate?
- A. A history of chronic illness
- B. Depression or social isolation
- C. Age
- D. Impaired mobility
Correct answer: B
Rationale: This scenario illustrates depression or social isolation as a risk factor for malnutrition. After the death of his wife, the elderly man may have experienced depression or social isolation, which can lead to decreased food intake and poor nutritional status. Although age, chronic illness, and impaired mobility can also contribute to malnutrition, they are not the primary factors described in this scenario. The history of chronic illness (Choice A) and impaired mobility (Choice D) were not mentioned in the scenario, and while age (Choice C) is a factor, it's not the main factor depicted in this case.