Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is not a cultural aspect related to mental illness?

• A. Local or cultural norms define pathological behavior.
• B. The higher the social class, the greater the recognition of mental illness behaviors.
• C. Psychiatrists typically see patients when the family can no longer deny the illness.
• D. The greater the cultural distance from the mainstream of society, the greater the likelihood that the illness will be treated with sensitivity and compassion.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The statement in option D is incorrect. The greater the cultural distance from the mainstream of society, the more likely there will be negative responses to mental illness. In such cases, coercive treatments and involuntary hospitalizations are more common, rather than sensitivity and compassion.

2. A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder is prescribed an SSRI. Which side effect should the nurse monitor for in the initial weeks of treatment?

• A. Weight loss
• B. Increased risk of suicide
• C. Hypertension
• D. Photosensitivity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a client is prescribed an SSRI for major depressive disorder, the nurse should closely monitor for an increased risk of suicide, especially in younger patients, during the initial weeks of treatment. SSRIs may initially increase energy levels before improving mood, which can lead to a higher risk of suicide in some individuals. Weight loss is not a common side effect of SSRIs and may actually be a concern for some patients with major depressive disorder who experience appetite changes. Hypertension is not typically associated with SSRIs, and photosensitivity is not a common side effect of this class of medications.

3. A client diagnosed with schizophrenia is prescribed an antipsychotic medication. Which of the following side effects should the nurse monitor for? Select one that doesn't apply.

• A. Tardive dyskinesia
• B. Muscle tension
• C. Orthostatic hypotension
• D. Hyperglycemia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Side effects of antipsychotic medications commonly include tardive dyskinesia, orthostatic hypotension, and hyperglycemia. Muscle tension is not typically associated with antipsychotic medication use. Tardive dyskinesia is characterized by involuntary movements, orthostatic hypotension refers to a drop in blood pressure upon standing, and hyperglycemia indicates high blood sugar levels. Monitoring these side effects is crucial for early detection and management, but muscle tension is not a typical side effect of antipsychotic medications.

4. Which statement made by a patient prescribed bupropion (Wellbutrin) demonstrates that the medication education the patient received was effective?

• A. I hope Wellbutrin will help my depression and also help me to finally quit smoking.
• B. I'm happy to hear that I won't need to worry too much about weight gain.
• C. It's okay to take Wellbutrin since I haven't had a seizure in 6 months.
• D. I need to be careful about driving since the medication could make me drowsy.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Choice A is the correct answer because it shows that the patient understands the dual benefits of bupropion (Wellbutrin) in treating depression and aiding in smoking cessation. Bupropion is commonly prescribed for these reasons as it has a lower risk of weight gain compared to other antidepressants. Choices B, C, and D are not the most appropriate because they do not specifically reflect the benefits or key information related to bupropion therapy.

5. A patient with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is experiencing flashbacks. The most appropriate intervention is to:

• A. Encourage the patient to talk about the trauma.
• B. Help the patient reorient to the present.
• C. Leave the patient alone to process the flashback.
• D. Remind the patient that the flashback is not real.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a patient with PTSD is experiencing flashbacks, the most appropriate intervention is to help them reorient to the present. This intervention can assist in reducing the intensity of the flashback and providing a sense of safety for the patient. Choice A is incorrect because encouraging the patient to talk about the trauma during a flashback may exacerbate their distress. Choice C is incorrect as leaving the patient alone can increase their feelings of isolation and fear. Choice D is incorrect because reminding the patient that the flashback is not real may invalidate their experience and increase their sense of disconnection.

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