ATI RN
Human Growth and Development Clep Practice Exam
1. Which of the following is a self-conscious emotion?
- A. guilt
- B. happiness
- C. interest
- D. fear
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, guilt. Guilt is a self-conscious emotion that involves reflecting on one's actions and feeling remorse. Self-conscious emotions are those that require self-reflection and self-evaluation. Choices B, C, and D are not self-conscious emotions. Happiness and fear are not self-conscious emotions as they do not necessarily involve self-reflection. Interest is not a self-conscious emotion but rather a feeling of curiosity or attraction towards something.
2. While taking the history of an older adult client, which assessment finding alerts the nurse that the client needs further assessment for fluid or electrolyte imbalance?
- A. “I am often cold and need to wear a sweater.”
- B. “I seem to urinate more when I drink coffee.”
- C. “In the summer, I feel thirsty more often.”
- D. “My rings seem to be tighter this week.”
Correct answer: “My rings seem to be tighter this week.”
Rationale: The correct answer is 'My rings seem to be tighter this week.' This assessment finding indicates possible fluid retention, which can be a sign of fluid or electrolyte imbalance in an older adult. Choices A, B, and C do not specifically point towards fluid or electrolyte imbalance. Feeling cold, increased urination with coffee consumption, and feeling thirsty in the summer are not direct indicators of fluid or electrolyte imbalance in this context.
3. Which outcome has been shown to be most closely associated with breastfeeding infants of mothers who smoke?
- A. poor temperature regulation
- B. vision impairment
- C. vomiting
- D. elevated blood pressure
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: vomiting. Infants breastfed by mothers who smoke are more likely to experience vomiting and gastrointestinal issues due to the transfer of nicotine and other harmful substances through breast milk. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Poor temperature regulation, vision impairment, and elevated blood pressure are not the primary outcomes closely associated with breastfeeding infants of mothers who smoke.
4. Which of the following aspects is the priority focus of nursing management for a client with peritonitis?
- A. Fluid and electrolyte balance
- B. Gastric irrigation
- C. Pain management
- D. Psychosocial issues
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The priority focus of nursing management for a client with peritonitis is fluid and electrolyte balance to prevent shock.
5. . A medical nurse educator is reviewing a patients recent episode of metabolic acidosis with members of the nursing staff. What should the educator describe about the role of the kidneys in metabolic acidosis?
- A. The kidneys retain hydrogen ions and excrete bicarbonate ions to help restore balance.
- B. The kidneys excrete hydrogen ions and conserve bicarbonate ions to help restore balance
- C. The kidneys react rapidly to compensate for imbalances in the body
- D. The kidneys regulate the bicarbonate level in the intracellular fluid.
Correct answer: The kidneys excrete hydrogen ions and conserve bicarbonate ions to help restore balance
Rationale:
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