Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a self-conscious emotion?

• A. guilt
• B. happiness
• C. interest
• D. fear

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, guilt. Guilt is a self-conscious emotion that involves reflecting on one's actions and feeling remorse. Self-conscious emotions are those that require self-reflection and self-evaluation. Choices B, C, and D are not self-conscious emotions. Happiness and fear are not self-conscious emotions as they do not necessarily involve self-reflection. Interest is not a self-conscious emotion but rather a feeling of curiosity or attraction towards something.

2. Dr. Wu observes children’s responses to bullying by watching them play in a park. This is an example of a(n) __________.

• A. ethnographic study
• B. naturalistic observation
• C. structured observation
• D. clinical interview Answer: B Page Ref: 28 Skill Level: Apply Topic: Studying Development Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Dr. Wu's observation of children's responses to bullying by watching them play in a park is an example of naturalistic observation. Naturalistic observation involves observing behavior in a natural setting without any manipulation or intervention. Dr. Wu is simply observing the children's behavior in a real-world setting to gain insights into how they respond to bullying, making it a naturalistic observation.

3. The mother feels a natural urge to squeeze and push with her abdominal muscles during which stage of labor?

• A. first
• B. second
• C. third
• D. fourth

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The mother feels a natural urge to squeeze and push with her abdominal muscles during the second stage of labor. This stage occurs after the cervix is fully dilated and ends with the delivery of the baby. Choice A (first) is incorrect as the first stage is mainly characterized by the dilation of the cervix. Choice C (third) is incorrect as the third stage is the delivery of the placenta, and choice D (fourth) is incorrect as the fourth stage is the recovery period after childbirth.

4. Liz is 36 weeks pregnant. A rise in her baby's heart rate is probably followed within five seconds by __________.

• A. a burst of motor activity
• B. a period of sleep
• C. a rise in Liz's heart rate
• D. a drop in Liz's body temperature

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A rise in the baby's heart rate during pregnancy is usually followed within five seconds by a burst of motor activity. This indicates that the baby is responding to stimuli and is an important sign of healthy fetal development. A period of sleep, a rise in Liz's heart rate, or a drop in Liz's body temperature are not typically immediate responses to changes in the baby's heart rate. Sleep is less likely to be a direct response to changes in heart rate, Liz's heart rate is independent of the baby's heart rate changes, and a drop in Liz's body temperature is not a common immediate response to fetal heart rate changes.

5. In developing countries, the most readily available intervention for promoting the recovery of preterm babies is _________.

• A. hospitalization
• B. care in an isolette
• C. lying on a waterbed
• D. skin-to-skin 'kangaroo care'

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In developing countries, the most readily available intervention for promoting the recovery of preterm babies is skin-to-skin 'kangaroo care.' This involves direct skin-to-skin contact between the baby and a caregiver, typically the mother, which helps regulate the baby's body temperature, improve bonding, and support overall development. Kangaroo care can be easily implemented even in resource-limited settings and has been shown to have positive effects on preterm infants' health outcomes. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because hospitalization, care in an isolette, and lying on a waterbed are not specifically tailored interventions that address the unique needs of preterm babies in developing countries like kangaroo care does.

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