ATI RN
ATI Pathophysiology Exam 3
1. Which of the following is a characteristic of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
- A. Simultaneous stroke and heart attack
- B. Simultaneous clotting and bleeding
- C. Simultaneous clotting and insulin release
- D. Simultaneous bleeding and vomiting
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is characterized by simultaneous clotting and bleeding throughout the body. This imbalance in the body's clotting system leads to the formation of blood clots in small blood vessels, which can consume clotting factors and platelets, ultimately leading to excessive bleeding. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not describe the characteristic feature of DIC, which involves both clotting and bleeding.
2. Barney helps his younger brother, who has just learned to cycle on his own, to navigate narrow roads and sharp turns. Vygotsky will refer to this as ________?
- A. Microsystem
- B. Macrosystem
- C. Mesosystem
- D. Exosystem
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, where Barney is assisting his younger brother in navigating narrow roads and sharp turns, Vygotsky would refer to this as an example of the 'mesosystem.' The mesosystem involves the interactions between different systems in a child's environment, such as family and peers. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect: A) Microsystem refers to the immediate environment where the child lives, like home and school; B) Macrosystem encompasses the larger cultural context; D) Exosystem involves external settings that indirectly influence the child.
3. The nurse is taking a health history of an adolescent. Which best describes how the chief complaint should be determined?
- A. Request a detailed listing of symptoms.
- B. Ask the adolescent, "Why did you come here today?"
- C. Interview the parent away from the adolescent to determine the chief complaint
- D. Use what the adolescent says to determine, in correct medical terminology, what the problem is
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Asking the adolescent directly about the reason for their visit encourages open communication and helps the nurse understand the primary concern from the patient's perspective.
4. Identify the etiologic or causal statement component of the following community diagnosis: 'There is an increased risk for undetected testicular cancer among young men related to insufficient knowledge about the disease and the methods for preventing and detecting it at an early stage as demonstrated by high rates of late initiation of treatment.'
- A. Risk for undetected testicular cancer
- B. Young men
- C. Insufficient knowledge about the disease and methods of prevention
- D. High rates of late initiation of treatment
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The etiologic or causal statement in the community diagnosis is the part that explains the cause of the increased risk for undetected testicular cancer among young men. In this scenario, the insufficient knowledge about the disease and methods of prevention is the cause identified as contributing to the high rates of late initiation of treatment. It is important to identify the root cause to develop effective interventions and strategies to address the issue.
5. A client has an abdominal incision. The surgical wound was closed with 10 sutures. This surgical wound is healing by what process?
- A. Primary intention
- B. Binary intention
- C. Secondary intention
- D. None of the Above
Correct answer: Primary intention
Rationale:
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