ATI RN
ATI Anatomy and Physiology
1. Which of the following bones is a component of the appendicular skeleton?
- A. Xiphoid process
- B. Symphysis pubis
- C. Sacrum
- D. Sternum
Correct answer: Symphysis pubis
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Symphysis pubis. The symphysis pubis is a component of the appendicular skeleton, specifically part of the pelvic girdle. The xiphoid process (Choice A) is part of the axial skeleton, located at the lower end of the sternum. The sacrum (Choice C) is also part of the axial skeleton, forming the posterior part of the pelvis. The sternum (Choice D) is part of the axial skeleton, located in the center of the chest.
2. During a routine health assessment, the nurse notes that an 8-month-old infant has a significant head lag. Which is the most appropriate action?
- A. Recheck head control at the next visit
- B. Teach the parents appropriate exercises
- C. Schedule the child for further evaluation
- D. Refer the child for further evaluation if the anterior fontanel is still open
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Significant head lag at 8 months is concerning and warrants further evaluation, as it may indicate developmental delays or neurological issues.
3. The client complains of fatigue and joint pain and reports that they are unable to walk due to pain in the knees. What is the most appropriate statement by the nurse?
- A. “You just have arthritis and should take some ibuprofen.”
- B. “You should avoid walking. This might be osteoporosis.”
- C. “Please tell me more about when your pain started.”
- D. “You need to lose weight or the pain won’t go away.”
Correct answer: “Please tell me more about when your pain started.”
Rationale:
4. Which question provides information regarding a child's community mobility?
- A. What is the level of supervision provided?
- B. Can the child leave the house and play with friends?
- C. Is the child being bullied?
- D. Is there equipment available so the child can play with peers?
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Choice B directly assesses the child's community mobility by inquiring about their ability to leave the house and engage in play activities with friends. Community mobility involves the child's independence in social and recreational activities outside the home, making this question crucial for understanding their daily functioning and autonomy.
5. The nurse is reviewing the home medication list with the patient. The nurse recognizes that hydrochlorothiazide is used primarily for which condition?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Edema
- C. Diabetes insipidus
- D. Protection against postmenopausal osteoporosis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide is primarily indicated for hypertension (HTN). Thiazides like hydrochlorothiazide are commonly the first-line treatment for hypertension. While hydrochlorothiazide can be used for edema, diabetes insipidus, and postmenopausal osteoporosis to some extent, its main use and efficacy lie in managing hypertension.
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