Nursing Elites

1. The origin of the term 'anatomy' is related to

• A. the Greek word for 'function.'
• B. the name of the first anatomist.
• C. the Greek word for 'cutting up.'
• D. the function of internal organs.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: the Greek word for 'cutting up.' The term 'anatomy' originates from the Greek words 'ana' (up) and 'temnein' (to cut), which means 'cutting up' or 'dissection.' This term refers to the process of dissecting bodies to study their structure. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because 'anatomy' is not related to the Greek word for 'function,' the name of the first anatomist, or the function of internal organs, but rather to the act of cutting up for study and examination.

2. What is homeostasis?

• A. The inability to keep body weight within normal limits.
• B. Room temperature decreasing because a window is open.
• C. Ingestion of more food than needed.
• D. The tendency of the body to maintain a stable internal environment.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A describes obesity, choice B describes a specific scenario with room temperature, and choice C refers to overeating, which is not related to homeostasis.

3. Which of the following processes is most important for the continuation of the human species?

• A. Responsiveness
• B. Movement
• C. Reproduction
• D. Respiration

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Reproduction is the most important process for the continuation of the human species as it involves the creation of new individuals. Without reproduction, the human species would cease to exist. Responsiveness and movement are essential for individual survival and functioning but do not directly impact the continuation of the species. Respiration is crucial for obtaining energy but is not directly linked to the continuation of the species.

4. Which of the following processes does not help maintain the life of an individual organism?

• A. Responsiveness
• B. Movement
• C. Reproduction
• D. Respiration

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Reproduction is the correct answer because it is not essential for maintaining the life of an individual organism. While reproduction is crucial for the continuation of a species, it is not directly related to the survival or maintenance of an individual organism. Responsiveness allows an organism to react to stimuli, movement helps in obtaining resources and avoiding danger, and respiration provides the necessary energy for life processes. Therefore, reproduction is the process that does not directly contribute to maintaining the life of an individual organism.

5. Which of the following is not an example of a homeostatic mechanism in the human body?

• A. Shivering when the body temperature falls below normal.
• B. Increasing heart rate and force of contraction when blood pressure falls.
• C. Retaining fluid excessively.
• D. Secreting insulin after a meal to return blood sugar concentration toward normal.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Homeostatic mechanisms aim to maintain internal stability within the body. Choices A, B, and D all represent examples of homeostatic mechanisms. Shivering helps generate heat to raise body temperature back to normal levels. Increasing heart rate and force of contraction work to restore blood pressure. Insulin secretion after a meal helps regulate blood sugar levels. On the other hand, retaining fluid excessively can lead to fluid imbalance rather than maintaining internal stability, making it the incorrect choice.

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