Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following must the human body obtain from the environment in order to survive?

• A. Nitrogen
• B. Waste products
• C. Water
• D. Carbon dioxide

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Water. Water is essential for the human body to survive as it plays a crucial role in various physiological processes like digestion, circulation, and temperature regulation. Nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere and is not directly obtained from the environment for survival. Waste products are materials that need to be eliminated from the body, not obtained for sustenance. Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of cellular respiration and is expelled from the body through breathing, not obtained as a nutrient.

2. Which of the following is not part of the female reproductive system?

• A. The uterus
• B. The uterine tube
• C. The vulva
• D. The bulbourethral gland

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The bulbourethral gland is not part of the female reproductive system. This gland is part of the male reproductive system and is responsible for producing a clear fluid that helps in lubrication during sexual activity. Choices A, B, and C are part of the female reproductive system. The uterus is where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus. The uterine tube (fallopian tube) transports eggs from the ovary to the uterus. The vulva includes the external genital organs of the female.

3. Is the elbow distal to the wrist?

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is False. In anatomical terms, 'distal' means farther away from the center of the body or the point of attachment. The elbow is proximal to the wrist because it is closer to the center of the body. Therefore, the statement that the elbow is distal to the wrist is incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because the elbow is not distal to the wrist. Choice C is incorrect as the anatomical relationship between the elbow and wrist can be determined. Choice D is incorrect as there is a definitive answer to this anatomical question.

4. The activities of an anatomist consist of ______, whereas those of a physiologist consist of _____.

• A. observing body parts; studying functions of body parts
• B. conducting experiments; making microscopic examinations
• C. studying molecules; observing forms of the body parts
• D. sketching; dissecting

Correct answer: A

Rationale: An anatomist focuses on observing the structure and morphology of body parts, such as organs, tissues, and cells, to understand their organization. On the other hand, a physiologist is more concerned with studying the functions and processes of these body parts, including how they work individually and together to maintain homeostasis. Therefore, the correct answer is 'observing body parts; studying functions of body parts.' Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the primary activities of anatomists and physiologists.

5. The maintenance of a steady body temperature in the face of fluctuating environmental conditions illustrates homeostasis.

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is True. Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. In this case, the maintenance of a steady body temperature despite fluctuations in environmental conditions is a clear example of homeostasis. The body regulates temperature through processes like sweating when it's hot and shivering when it's cold. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the statement provided does indeed illustrate the concept of homeostasis, making them inaccurate.

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