Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following associated disorders may a client with ulcerative colitis exhibit?

• A. Gallstones
• B. Hydronephrosis
• C. Nephrolithiasis
• D. Toxic megacolon

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Toxic megacolon is a severe complication that may be exhibited by a client with ulcerative colitis.

2. Which of the following symptoms indicates diverticulosis?

• A. No symptoms exist
• B. Change in bowel habits
• C. Anorexia with low-grade fever
• D. Episodic, dull, or steady midabdominal pain

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Diverticulosis often has no symptoms and is usually found incidentally during tests for other conditions.

3. The hospitalized client with GERD is complaining of chest discomfort that feels like heartburn following a meal. After administering an ordered antacid, the nurse encourages the client to lie in which of the following positions?

• A. Supine with the head of the bed flat
• B. On the stomach with the head flat
• C. On the left side with the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees
• D. On the right side with the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Lying on the left side with the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees helps prevent reflux by keeping stomach contents from moving up into the esophagus.

4. After abdominal surgery, your patient has a severe coughing episode that causes wound evisceration. In addition to calling the doctor, which intervention is most appropriate?

• A. Irrigate the wound & organs with Betadine.
• B. Cover the wound with a saline soaked sterile dressing.
• C. Apply a dry sterile dressing & binder.
• D. Push the organs back & cover with moist sterile dressings.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Covering the wound with a saline soaked sterile dressing is the most appropriate intervention for wound evisceration.

5. The client with Crohn’s disease has a nursing diagnosis of acute pain. The nurse would teach the client to avoid which of the following in managing this problem?

• A. Lying supine with the legs straight
• B. Massaging the abdomen
• C. Using antispasmodic medication
• D. Using relaxation techniques

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Lying supine with the legs straight can increase abdominal tension and exacerbate pain. The client should be advised to lie with the legs bent to reduce muscle tension and discomfort.

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