ATI RN
ATI Anatomy and Physiology Online Practice
1. Which of the following are vital signs?
- A. Body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate
- B. Appearance of the skin, red blood cell count, oxygen level
- C. Body weight, age, gender
- D. Visual acuity and auditory sharpness
Correct answer: Body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate. Vital signs are measurements that indicate the body's basic functions and are essential indicators of health. Body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate are classic vital signs routinely checked in medical settings to assess a person's overall health status. Choices B, C, and D are not considered vital signs. The appearance of the skin, red blood cell count, and oxygen level may provide valuable health information but are not classified as vital signs. Similarly, body weight, age, and gender are important factors in healthcare but are not vital signs. Visual acuity and auditory sharpness relate to sensory functions and are not typically categorized as vital signs.
2. What intervention is needed for continuous bubbling in the chest tube water seal chamber?
- A. Tighten the connections of the chest tube system
- B. Clamp the chest tube
- C. Replace the chest tube system
- D. Continue monitoring the chest tube
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct intervention for continuous bubbling in the chest tube water seal chamber is to tighten the connections of the chest tube system. Continuous bubbling indicates an air leak in the system, and tightening the connections can help resolve this issue. Clamping the chest tube (Choice B) is not appropriate and can lead to complications by obstructing the drainage system. Similarly, replacing the entire chest tube system (Choice C) may not be necessary if the issue can be resolved by tightening the connections. Continuing to monitor the chest tube (Choice D) without taking action to address the continuous bubbling may delay necessary interventions to prevent complications.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has an ethical conflict about the care she is receiving. Which of the following resources should the nurse consult about resolving the dilemma?
- A. Hospital ethics committee
- B. Quality improvement committee
- C. Chaplain
- D. Director of nursing
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is the hospital ethics committee. This committee is specifically designed to address and resolve ethical conflicts in patient care. It comprises professionals from various disciplines who can provide guidance and support in navigating ethical dilemmas. Choice B, the quality improvement committee, focuses on enhancing the quality of care provided but may not be equipped to handle ethical conflicts. Choice C, the chaplain, offers spiritual and emotional support but may not have the expertise to resolve ethical dilemmas. Choice D, the director of nursing, is responsible for nursing operations and may not be the appropriate resource for addressing ethical conflicts.
4. A client with heart failure is being assessed by a nurse. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing fluid overload?
- A. Dry, hacking cough
- B. Bounding peripheral pulses
- C. Decreased urinary output
- D. Weight loss of 1 kg in 24 hours
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In clients with heart failure, decreased urinary output is a classic sign of fluid overload. The kidneys try to compensate for the increased volume by reducing urine output, leading to fluid retention. A dry, hacking cough (choice A) is more indicative of heart failure complications like pulmonary edema. Bounding peripheral pulses (choice B) are a sign of increased volume, but not specifically fluid overload. Weight loss of 1 kg in 24 hours (choice D) is not indicative of fluid overload but rather rapid fluid loss.
5. A nurse is reviewing the orders of a client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Select the interventions that the nurse would expect to be prescribed for the client.
- A. Small, frequent high-calorie feedings.
- B. Meperidine (Demerol) as prescribed for pain.
- C. Place the client in a side-lying position with the head elevated 45-degrees.
- D. Administer antacids and anticholinergics to suppress gastrointestinal secretions.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client with acute pancreatitis is to prescribe pain medications such as meperidine to manage the abdominal pain, which is a prominent symptom of the condition. The other options are incorrect because: A) Clients with acute pancreatitis are normally placed on NPO (nothing by mouth) status to rest the pancreas, so small, frequent high-calorie feedings are not indicated. C) Placing the client in a side-lying position with the head elevated 45-degrees helps decrease tension on the abdomen and may ease pain, but it is not a standard intervention for acute pancreatitis. D) Administering antacids and anticholinergics to suppress gastrointestinal secretions is not a routine intervention for acute pancreatitis.
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