ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children Final ATI
1. Which is the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year in the United States?
- A. Congenital anomalies
- B. Sudden infant death syndrome
- C. Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight
- D. Maternal complications specific to the perinatal period
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Congenital anomalies are the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year in the United States.
2. A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of teaching regarding care of a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) that is in remission after the administration of prednisone. The nurse realizes further teaching is required if the parents state what?
- A. We will keep our child away from anyone who is ill.
- B. We will be sure to administer the prednisone as ordered.
- C. We will encourage our child to eat a balanced diet, but we will watch his salt intake.
- D. We understand our child will not be able to attend school, so we will arrange for homeschooling.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Children with MCNS who are in remission can usually attend school and participate in normal activities with precautions to avoid infections. Home schooling may not be necessary, and this indicates a misunderstanding of the condition's management.
3. Where in the health history does a record of immunizations belong?
- A. History
- B. Present illness
- C. Review of systems
- D. Physical assessment
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Immunizations are part of the patient’s health history and are recorded under the history section to ensure the child is up-to-date with vaccinations.
4. The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parent of a 9-month-old infant during a well-baby visit. Which topic would be most appropriate?
- A. Cautioning about putting the infant in a walker
- B. Advising how to create a toddler-safe home
- C. Instructing on safety procedures during baths
- D. Warning about leaving small objects on the floor
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because at 9 months, infants become more mobile, increasing the risk of choking hazards from small objects left on the floor. Cautioning about putting the infant in a walker (Choice A) is not as crucial at this age as warning about choking hazards. While advising how to create a toddler-safe home (Choice B) is essential, the most critical concern at 9 months is small objects. Instructing on safety procedures during baths (Choice C) is important but does not address the immediate risk of choking hazards associated with small objects.
5. What diet is most appropriate for the child with chronic renal failure (CRF)?
- A. Low in protein
- B. Low in vitamin D
- C. Low in phosphorus
- D. Supplemented with vitamins A, E, and K
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A low-phosphorus diet is important in managing chronic renal failure to prevent hyperphosphatemia and its associated complications, such as bone disease. Protein intake should be controlled but not necessarily low, and vitamin D supplementation is often required, not reduced.
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