ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children Final ATI
1. Which family theory is described as a series of tasks for the family throughout its life span?
- A. Exchange theory
- B. Developmental theory
- C. Structural-functional theory
- D. Symbolic interactional theory
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Developmental theory outlines the series of tasks and stages that a family goes through over its life span, helping to understand the family's development and needs over time.
2. The nurse is taking a sexual history on an adolescent girl. Which is the best way to determine whether she is sexually active?
- A. Ask her, "Are you sexually active?"
- B. Ask her, "Are you having sex with anyone?"
- C. Ask her, "Are you having sex with a boyfriend?"
- D. Ask both the girl and her parent if she is sexually active
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Directly asking the adolescent if she is sexually active is the most straightforward and respectful approach, ensuring privacy and fostering trust.
3. A 10-month-old infant is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux. An esophageal (pH) probe monitor is ordered. What explanation for the purpose of the esophageal probe should the nurse provide to the parents?
- A. Assist in the passage of formula through the esophagus
- B. Identify the number of reflux episodes that are occurring
- C. Determine the time it takes for the stomach to empty its contents
- D. Monitor the pH within the stomach
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The esophageal pH probe is used to identify the frequency and severity of reflux episodes by measuring the pH in the esophagus. Choice A is incorrect because the probe does not assist in the passage of formula through the esophagus. Choice C is incorrect as determining the time it takes for the stomach to empty its contents would require a different procedure. Choice D is incorrect as the esophageal pH probe monitors the pH in the esophagus, not the stomach.
4. What statement best describes Hirschsprung disease?
- A. The colon has an aganglionic segment.
- B. It results in frequent evacuation of solids, liquid, and gas.
- C. The neonate passes excessive amounts of meconium.
- D. It results in excessive peristaltic movements within the gastrointestinal tract.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Hirschsprung disease is characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in a segment of the colon, leading to a lack of peristalsis and obstruction. The other options do not accurately describe this condition.
5. What should the nurse include in the discharge instructions for the parents of an infant diagnosed with acute otitis media?
- A. Keep the baby in an elevated position during sleep
- B. Administer an antibiotic
- C. Place the baby to sleep with a bottle
- D. Administer acetaminophen (Tylenol) to relieve discomfort
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is recommended to help relieve the discomfort associated with acute otitis media, such as pain and fever. Elevating the baby's head during sleep can also help with drainage and relieve pressure, making choice A incorrect. Administering an antibiotic may be necessary for bacterial otitis media but is not usually the first-line treatment for acute otitis media, so choice B is incorrect. Placing the baby to sleep with a bottle can increase the risk of ear infections due to the pooling of milk around the Eustachian tube, so choice C is incorrect.
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