which electrolyte imbalance is a common concern in children with severe diarrhea
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B

1. Which electrolyte imbalance is a common concern in children with severe diarrhea?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Hypokalemia is the correct answer because it is a common concern in children with severe diarrhea. Diarrhea can lead to significant potassium loss, resulting in hypokalemia. Hypernatremia (Choice A) is less common in diarrhea as sodium concentration is usually diluted by the fluid loss. Hypercalcemia (Choice C) is not typically associated with severe diarrhea. Hypomagnesemia (Choice D) can occur but is not as common as hypokalemia in this scenario.

2. As children grow and develop, their style of play changes. Which play style is descriptive of the school-age child?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. School-age children are typically able to play structured games with other children and follow the rules of the game. This ability reflects their growing cognitive and social development. Choice A is incorrect as school-age children often engage in group play. Choice C is incorrect as school-age children usually have more autonomy in their play choices. Choice D is incorrect as school-age children tend to form more organized play settings rather than loose groups.

3. What is the appropriate method for measuring the temperature of a 2-day-old neonate?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: For a 2-day-old neonate, the most suitable method to measure temperature is the axillary method. This approach is considered safe and appropriate for neonates, minimizing the risk of injury. Tympanic temperature measurement may not be as accurate in neonates due to their small ear canals. Oral temperature measurement is not recommended for neonates as they may not be able to hold a thermometer properly in their mouths. Rectal temperature measurement is invasive and carries a higher risk of injury and should be avoided unless absolutely necessary.

4. What is an appropriate play activity for a 7-month-old infant to encourage visual stimulation?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Playing peek-a-boo is an ideal play activity for a 7-month-old as it encourages visual tracking and social interaction, which are key developmental milestones at this age.

5. Several types of long-term central venous access devices are used. What is a benefit of using an implanted port (e.g., Port-a-Cath)?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Implanted ports like the Port-a-Cath are fully implanted under the skin, allowing the child to maintain regular physical activities, including swimming, without the risk of dislodging the catheter. Piercing the skin is still required for access, and self-administration is more complex.

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