ATI RN
ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam
1. Which assessment finding, after the dialysate is drained during peritoneal dialysis for a child experiencing acute renal failure, would warrant further action by the nurse?
- A. The dialysate is clear upon return.
- B. The volume of drained dialysate is less than the volume infused.
- C. The child is restless and eager to play.
- D. The child's vital signs remain consistent with those noted during infusion.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A lower volume of drained dialysate compared to the volume infused suggests a possible obstruction or malfunction in the dialysis process. This finding could compromise the effectiveness of the treatment and needs prompt assessment and intervention by the nurse to ensure the child's safety and well-being. Choices A, C, and D are not indicative of complications during peritoneal dialysis. The clarity of the dialysate, the child's behavior, and the consistency of vital signs are not alarming findings that would require immediate action by the nurse.
2. Which condition involves the heart muscle becoming abnormally thickened, reducing its ability to pump blood?
- A. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- B. Dilated cardiomyopathy
- C. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
- D. Ischemic cardiomyopathy
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In this condition, the heart muscle thickens, leading to a decreased ability to pump blood effectively. Choice B, Dilated cardiomyopathy, is characterized by the heart chambers enlarging and weakening. Choice C, Restrictive cardiomyopathy, involves the heart muscle becoming rigid and less compliant. Choice D, Ischemic cardiomyopathy, is when the heart muscle is weakened due to reduced blood flow.
3. You are caring for a 65-year-old male patient admitted to your medical unit 72 hours ago with pyloric stenosis. A nasogastric tube placed upon admission has been on low intermittent suction ever since. Upon review of the mornings blood work, you notice that the patients potassium is below reference range. You should recognize that the patient may be at risk for what imbalance?
- A. Hypercalcemia
- B. Metabolic acidosis
- C. Metabolic alkalosis
- D. Respiratory acidosis
Correct answer: Metabolic alkalosis
Rationale:
4. What is the correct sequence for assessing the abdomen?
- A. Tympanic percussion, measurement of abdominal girth, and inspection
- B. Assessment for distention, tenderness, and discoloration around the umbilicus
- C. Percussion, palpation, and auscultation
- D. Auscultation, percussion, and palpation
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct sequence for assessing the abdomen is auscultation, percussion, and palpation. Auscultation allows the healthcare provider to listen for bowel sounds, followed by percussion to assess for areas of tenderness or abnormal distention, and finally palpation to feel for masses or organ enlargement. This sequence ensures a systematic and thorough assessment of the abdomen.
5. How should professionals communicate with parents and family members?
- A. Share information with both parents to distribute the stress equally
- B. Share information with one parent to ensure accuracy
- C. Share information with all individuals who interact with the child, whether family or not
- D. Provide information in writing exclusively to ensure clear communication
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When professionals communicate with parents and family members, it is essential to share information with all individuals who interact with the child, whether they are family members or not. This inclusive approach ensures that everyone involved in the child's care and well-being is well-informed and can provide support as needed. It is important to consider the broader network of individuals who play a role in the child's life to promote comprehensive and effective communication.
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