Nursing Elites

1. When performing endotracheal suctioning, the nurse applies suctioning while withdrawing and gently rotating the catheter 360 degrees for which of the following time periods?

• A. 10-15 seconds
• B. 30-35 seconds
• C. 20-25 seconds
• D. 0-5 seconds

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During endotracheal suctioning, the nurse should apply suctioning while withdrawing and gently rotating the catheter 360 degrees for a short period of 0-5 seconds. This brief duration helps minimize the risk of hypoxia and trauma to the airway. Choices A, B, and C suggest longer time periods for suctioning, which can increase the risk of complications such as hypoxia, mucosal damage, and the removal of excess amounts of airway secretions.

2. What symptom would most likely be associated with late dumping syndrome?

• A. abdominal cramps
• B. nausea
• C. diarrhea
• D. confusion

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Confusion is the most likely symptom associated with late dumping syndrome. Late dumping syndrome occurs when blood sugar levels drop rapidly after eating due to rapid gastric emptying. While abdominal cramps, nausea, and diarrhea can occur with dumping syndrome, confusion is specifically linked to late dumping syndrome due to hypoglycemia.

3. Plant stanols and sterols help to lower LDL cholesterol and are often added to which food product?

• A. margarine
• B. milk
• C. cereal
• D. yogurt

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Plant stanols and sterols are commonly added to margarine to help lower LDL cholesterol levels. Margarine acts as a vehicle for these compounds, making it easier for individuals to incorporate them into their daily diet. While milk, cereal, and yogurt are healthy food options, they are not typically enriched with plant stanols and sterols for cholesterol-lowering purposes, making them less likely candidates as the correct answer.

4. The most important quality of a nurse during a Nurse-Patient interaction is:

• A. Understanding
• B. Acceptance
• C. Listening
• D. Teaching

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

5. Why is a pulse oximeter attached to Mr. Dizon's finger?

• A. To determine if the patient's hemoglobin level is low and if he requires a blood transfusion
• B. To check the level of the patient's tissue perfusion
• C. To measure the effectiveness of the patient's anti-hypertensive medications
• D. To detect oxygen saturation of arterial blood before symptoms of hypoxemia develop

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A pulse oximeter is used to detect the oxygen saturation levels in arterial blood before the onset of hypoxemia symptoms. This device provides essential information about the effectiveness of oxygen transportation to the body's tissues. Choice A is incorrect because a pulse oximeter does not directly measure hemoglobin levels nor determine the need for a blood transfusion. Choice B is incorrect because a pulse oximeter is designed specifically to assess oxygen saturation, not tissue perfusion. Choice C is incorrect because a pulse oximeter is not used to measure the efficacy of anti-hypertensive medications, but rather to monitor oxygen levels in the blood.

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