ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023
1. When conducting an initial feeding evaluation, the therapist asks the caregiver to bring the utensils, food, and high chair that they typically use. Which statement best reflects the therapist's reasoning for this?
- A. Using the child's actual materials will give the therapist an accurate picture
- B. The therapist wants to be sensitive to the child's culture
- C. The center has limited funds for food and materials
- D. The therapist would like to know if the caregiver can follow directions
Correct answer: A
Rationale: By having the caregiver bring the child's familiar utensils, food, and high chair, the therapist can observe the child's typical eating behaviors and challenges accurately. This provides valuable insights that help in tailoring appropriate interventions to address feeding issues effectively.
2. A patient who was frequently homeless over the past several years has begun a drug regimen consisting solely of isoniazid (INH). What is this patient's most likely diagnosis?
- A. Active tuberculosis
- B. Latent tuberculosis
- C. Mycobacterium avium complex
- D. Human immunodeficiency virus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Active tuberculosis. Given the patient's history of homelessness and initiation of isoniazid (INH) treatment, the most likely diagnosis is active tuberculosis. Isoniazid is a first-line medication used in the treatment of active tuberculosis. Latent tuberculosis (choice B) would not typically necessitate treatment with isoniazid alone. Mycobacterium avium complex (choice C) is not typically treated with isoniazid alone. Human immunodeficiency virus (choice D) is a risk factor for developing tuberculosis but is not the primary diagnosis in this patient scenario.
3. When caring for a child with an intravenous (IV) infusion, what is an appropriate nursing action?
- A. Change the insertion site every 24 hours.
- B. Check the insertion site frequently for signs of infiltration.
- C. Use a macrodropper to facilitate reaching the prescribed flow rate.
- D. Avoid restraining the child to prevent undue emotional stress.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Frequent monitoring of the IV site for signs of infiltration is crucial to prevent tissue damage, especially in pediatric patients. Changing the site every 24 hours is unnecessary unless complications arise, and using a macrodropper is not specific to pediatric care.
4. After teaching a client to increase dietary potassium intake, a nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which dietary meal selection indicates the client correctly understands the teaching?
- A. Toasted English muffin with butter and blueberry jam, and tea with sugar
- B. Two scrambled eggs, a slice of white toast, and a half cup of strawberries
- C. Sausage, one slice of whole wheat toast, half cup of raisins, and a glass of milk
- D. Bowl of oatmeal with brown sugar, a half cup of sliced peaches, and coffee
Correct answer: Sausage, one slice of whole wheat toast, half cup of raisins, and a glass of milk
Rationale: Choice C is the correct answer as it includes foods high in potassium, such as raisins, whole wheat toast, and milk. Potassium is essential for various bodily functions, including maintaining proper heart and muscle function. Choices A, B, and D do not contain significant sources of potassium. Choice A consists mainly of carbohydrates and sugar, choice B focuses on protein and carbohydrates, and choice D provides carbohydrates and some fruit but lacks high-potassium options like in choice C.
5. A post-op patient has an epidural infusion of morphine sulfate. The patient�s respiratory rate declines to 8 breaths/minute. Which medication would the nurse anticipate administering?
- A. Naloxone (Narcan)
- B. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
- C. Methyprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
- D. Protamine Sulfate
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Naloxone is a narcotic antagonist that can reverse the effects, both adverse and therapeutic, of opioid narcotic analgesics.
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