Nursing Elites

1. What is the most common nutritional disorder for the older adult?

• A. Obesity
• B. Underweight
• C. Vitamin deficiency
• D. Dehydration

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Obesity. Among older adults, obesity is the most common nutritional disorder. This is often attributed to reduced physical activity levels and changes in metabolism that occur with aging. Choice B (Underweight) is less common among older adults as compared to obesity. While choices C (Vitamin deficiency) and D (Dehydration) are important nutritional issues, they are generally not as prevalent as obesity in the older adult population.

2. Skin care around the stoma is critical. Which of the following is not indicated as a skin care barriers?

• A. Apply liberal amount of mineral oil to the area
• B. Use karaya paste and rings around the stoma
• C. Clean the area daily with soap and water before applying bag
• D. Apply talcum powder twice a day

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

3. Poor nutrition results in delayed eruption and exfoliation of deciduous teeth and increased dental caries. Increased caries susceptibility in at-risk children may be related to changes in salivary composition caused by malnutrition.

• A. Both statements are true
• B. Both statements are false
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are true. Poor nutrition can affect tooth development and increase the risk of dental caries in children.

4. Which animal-derived food contains the most significant level of carbohydrates?

• A. Egg
• B. Beef
• C. Milk
• D. Poultry

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Milk contains the most significant level of carbohydrates among animal-derived foods. Milk and milk products supply significant quantities of carbohydrate in the form of lactose. Eggs, beef, and poultry are not significant sources of carbohydrates compared to milk. In cheese making, lactose is removed as a by-product, reducing the carbohydrate content further.

5. Cancers that arise from epithelial tissues are known as:

• A. Leukemias
• B. Myelomas
• C. Carcinomas
• D. Sarcomas

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Carcinomas. Carcinomas are cancers that originate from epithelial tissues, which are the tissues lining the surfaces of organs and structures in the body. Leukemias (choice A) are cancers of the blood-forming cells, not epithelial tissues. Myelomas (choice B) are cancers that develop in plasma cells in the bone marrow, not epithelial tissues. Sarcomas (choice D) are cancers that arise from connective tissues like bone, cartilage, or muscle, not epithelial tissues. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect in the context of cancers originating from epithelial tissues.

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