Nursing Elites

1. When assessing a preschooler's chest, what should the nurse expect?

• A. Respiratory movements to be chiefly thoracic
• B. Anteroposterior diameter to be equal to the transverse diameter
• C. Retraction of the muscles between the ribs on respiratory movement
• D. Movement of the chest wall to be symmetric bilaterally and coordinated with breathing

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a preschooler, chest movement should be symmetric and coordinated with breathing, indicating healthy respiratory function.

2. The nurse is preparing to assess a 10-month-old infant. He is sitting on his father's lap and appears to be afraid of the nurse and of what might happen next. Which initial actions by the nurse should be most appropriate?

• A. Initiate a game of peek-a-boo.
• B. Ask the infant's father to place the infant on the examination table
• C. Talk softly to the infant while taking him from his father
• D. Undress the infant while he is still sitting on his father’s lap

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Engaging the infant in a familiar game like peek-a-boo can help reduce fear and build rapport before starting the assessment.

3. At which age should the nurse expect most infants to begin to say mama and dada with meaning?

• A. 4 months
• B. 6 months
• C. 10 months
• D. 14 months

Correct answer: C

Rationale: By around 10 months, infants often start to say "mama" and "dada" with meaning, associating these words with their parents.

4. Which type of play would be most beneficial for preparing a preschool-age child for upcoming surgery to reduce the stress of the event?

• A. Cooperative play
• B. Associative play
• C. Dramatic play
• D. Onlooker play

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dramatic play involves role-playing, allowing children to act out scenarios and become more comfortable with them. This type of play can help reduce anxiety about upcoming events like surgery. Cooperative play involves working together towards a common goal, associative play involves loosely interacting with others, and onlooker play involves observing others play without actively participating. These types of play are not as directly related to preparing a child for surgery and reducing stress as dramatic play.

5. The nurse is preparing to perform a physical assessment on a 10-year-old girl. The nurse gives her the option of her mother staying in the room or leaving. This action should be considered which?

• A. Appropriate because of the child's age
• B. Appropriate, but the mother may be uncomfortable
• C. Inappropriate because of the child's age
• D. Inappropriate because the child is the same sex as the mother

Correct answer: A

Rationale: It is appropriate to give a 10-year-old the choice of having a parent present or not during an exam, respecting the child's growing need for privacy.

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