ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System
1. When a client has peptic ulcer disease, the nurse would expect a priority intervention to be:
- A. Assisting in inserting a Miller-Abbott tube
- B. Assisting in inserting an arterial pressure line
- C. Inserting a nasogastric tube
- D. Inserting an I.V.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Inserting a nasogastric tube is a priority intervention for a client with peptic ulcer disease to decompress the stomach.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
- A. Increased appetite
- B. Productive cough with green sputum
- C. Cyanosis of the lips and nail beds
- D. Mild shortness of breath
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cyanosis of the lips and nail beds. Cyanosis is a late sign of hypoxia and indicates severe oxygen deprivation, requiring immediate intervention in clients with pneumonia. Reporting this finding promptly is crucial to prevent further complications. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because increased appetite, productive cough with green sputum, and mild shortness of breath are common findings in clients with pneumonia and may not require immediate intervention unless they worsen or are accompanied by other concerning symptoms.
3. Which of the following is a sign of hypoglycemia?
- A. Rapid, deep breathing
- B. Increased urination
- C. Weakness and confusion
- D. High blood pressure
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Weakness and confusion. Hypoglycemia is characterized by low blood sugar levels, leading to inadequate glucose supply to the brain, resulting in symptoms like weakness and confusion. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Rapid, deep breathing is not typically a sign of hypoglycemia but can be seen in other conditions like respiratory issues. Increased urination is more commonly associated with conditions like diabetes mellitus, while high blood pressure is not a typical sign of hypoglycemia.
4. What is the best snack choice for a preschool-age child?
- A. Fruit snacks
- B. Mini wheat bagel with peanut butter
- C. White toast with jelly
- D. Sports drink
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The best snack choice for a preschool-age child is a mini wheat bagel with peanut butter as it provides a good balance of carbohydrates, protein, and healthy fats. Fruit snacks, although they contain some fruit flavor, are often high in added sugars and lack essential nutrients. White toast with jelly may provide quick energy but lacks protein and healthy fats, which are important for a balanced snack choice. Sports drinks are typically high in sugar and unnecessary for a preschool-age child's snack, as they are designed for rehydration during intense physical activity, not as a regular snack option.
5. What is the best position for a patient in respiratory distress?
- A. Semi-Fowler's position
- B. Trendelenburg position
- C. Prone position
- D. Supine position
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The best position for a patient in respiratory distress is the Semi-Fowler's position. This position promotes lung expansion and eases breathing by allowing the chest to expand more fully. The Trendelenburg position (choice B) where the patient's feet are higher than the head is not recommended in respiratory distress as it may cause increased pressure on the chest and reduced lung expansion. The prone position (choice C) lying on the stomach is also not optimal for respiratory distress as it can further compromise breathing. The supine position (choice D) lying flat on the back is not ideal as it may impair breathing by restricting chest expansion.
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