Nursing Elites

1. What role does genetic predisposition play in the development of mental disorders?

• A. Genetic predisposition guarantees the development of mental disorders.
• B. Genetic predisposition plays a significant role but is not the only factor in developing mental disorders.
• C. Genetic predisposition is irrelevant in mental health.
• D. Genetic predisposition can be completely overridden by environmental factors.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Genetic predisposition plays a significant role in the development of mental disorders, interacting with environmental factors. While genetics can predispose individuals to certain mental disorders, it is not a guarantee that the disorders will develop. Environmental factors, such as lifestyle, upbringing, and traumatic experiences, also play a crucial role in the manifestation of mental health conditions. Choice C is incorrect as genetic predisposition does have relevance in mental health. Choice D is incorrect as genetic predisposition and environmental factors both contribute to the development of mental disorders, neither completely overriding the other.

2. What did Freud believe about castration anxiety among boys?

• A. Results in penis envy.
• B. Dissolves the Oedipus complex.
• C. Cognitive; learning.
• D. Biological; ecological.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Freud believed that castration anxiety among boys leads to the resolution of the Oedipus complex, not penis envy or cognitive learning. The Oedipus complex is a central psychodynamic concept in Freudian theory, where boys develop unconscious desires for their mothers and view their fathers as rivals, fearing castration by their fathers as a consequence.

3. What term refers to the awareness that other people have their own intentions, desires, wants, and motives?

• A. Theory of mind
• B. Theory of personality
• C. Theory of being
• D. Theory of awareness

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Theory of mind.' Theory of mind is the understanding that others have their own thoughts, feelings, and intentions. This ability allows individuals to attribute mental states to others, enabling them to understand and predict behavior based on those mental states. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not specifically address the awareness of others' intentions, desires, wants, and motives.

4. What are psychology's intellectual parents?

• A. Physics and physiology.
• B. Philosophy and physiology.
• C. Chemistry and physics.
• D. Philosophy and chemistry.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Psychology's intellectual parents are philosophy and physiology. Philosophy contributed to the early development of psychology by exploring questions about the mind and behavior, while physiology provided a scientific foundation for understanding the biological aspects of human psychology. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately represent the disciplines that significantly influenced the emergence of psychology as a distinct field of study.

5. What role does culture play in the development of psychopathology?

• A. Culture has little impact on psychopathology.
• B. Culture is crucial in understanding the development of psychopathology.
• C. Culture has a moderate impact on the development of psychopathology.
• D. Culture determines the onset of psychopathology.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Culture is crucial in understanding the development of psychopathology. It influences beliefs, norms, values, and behaviors, which can significantly impact the manifestation and understanding of psychopathological conditions. Choice A is incorrect because culture does have a substantial impact on psychopathology. Choice C is not as strong as choice B in emphasizing the significance of culture. Choice D is incorrect as culture is one of many factors influencing the onset of psychopathology, not the sole determinant.

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