Nursing Elites

1. What is the most likely complication for a client receiving TPN who suddenly develops tremors, dizziness, and diaphoresis?

• A. Fluid volume overload
• B. Sepsis
• C. Hyperglycemia
• D. Hypoglycemia

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Hypoglycemia. When a client receiving TPN suddenly develops tremors, dizziness, and diaphoresis, it is indicative of hypoglycemia. TPN provides a high concentration of glucose, and if it is abruptly stopped or the infusion rate is reduced, it can lead to hypoglycemia. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not directly correlate with the symptoms described in the scenario. Fluid volume overload typically presents with edema and hypertension, sepsis with fever and increased heart rate, and hyperglycemia with polyuria, polydipsia, and blurred vision.

2. You are taking care of critically ill client and the doctor in charge calls to order a DNR (do not resuscitate) for the client. Which of the following is the appropriate action when getting DNR order over the phone?

• A. Have the registered nurse, family spokesperson, nurse supervisor and doctor sign
• B. Have 2 nurse validate the phone order, both nurses sign the order and the doctor should sign his order within 24
• C. Have the registered nurse, family and doctor sign the order
• D. Have 1 nurse take the order and sign it and have the doctor sign it within 24 hours

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

3. Which substance would most likely need to be restricted in patients with heart failure who use diuretics to help reduce fluid retention?

• A. potassium
• B. magnesium
• C. sodium
• D. chloride

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Sodium restriction is crucial in heart failure management to prevent fluid retention, which can worsen symptoms of heart failure.

4. Electrolytes create _____, which is caused by water following electrolytes within or between cells.

• A. energy
• B. active transport
• C. passive diffusion
• D. osmotic pressure

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Osmotic pressure is the force that drives water movement across cell membranes due to the presence of electrolytes, helping to balance fluid levels in the body. Choice A, 'energy,' is incorrect as electrolytes do not directly create energy. Choice B, 'active transport,' refers to the movement of molecules across a cell membrane requiring energy, not the movement of water. Choice C, 'passive diffusion,' is the process by which substances move from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration, not related to the movement of water following electrolytes.

5. Located in the middle of the brain, what organ is responsible for satiety and hunger?

• A. Medulla Oblongata
• B. Pituitary Gland
• C. Hypothalamus
• D. Parathyroid

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The hypothalamus, located in the middle of the brain, plays a crucial role in regulating hunger and satiety. It contains specific regions that control appetite and feeding behavior. The Medulla Oblongata (Choice A) is responsible for regulating vital functions like heartbeat and breathing, not hunger. The Pituitary Gland (Choice B) is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones but is not primarily involved in hunger regulation. The Parathyroid (Choice D) is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the body and not related to hunger or satiety.

Similar Questions