Nursing Elites

1. What is the most appropriate nutritional advice for a patient with hypertension?

• A. Increase salt intake
• B. Reduce fiber intake
• C. Increase potassium intake
• D. Increase sugar intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Increasing potassium intake can help manage blood pressure levels in patients with hypertension.

2. With which type of cancer is asbestos exposure most strongly associated?

• A. Liver cancer
• B. Peritoneal cancer
• C. Skin cancer
• D. Esophageal cancer

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Asbestos exposure is most strongly associated with peritoneal cancer, a type of cancer that affects the lining of the abdomen. While asbestos can potentially contribute to other types of cancer, there is a significant body of research indicating a robust correlation between asbestos exposure and peritoneal cancer. Asbestos exposure can also lead to mesothelioma, a cancer that affects the lining of the chest. The other options - liver cancer, skin cancer, and esophageal cancer - are not typically associated with asbestos exposure.

3. How is an ear infection that persists for less than 14 days classified?

• A. Mastoiditis
• B. Chronic Ear Infection
• C. Acute Ear Infection
• D. Otitis Media

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Acute Ear Infection is the correct answer because it typically refers to an infection that is short-lived and often severe, typically lasting less than 14 days. Chronic Ear Infection (Choice B) is incorrect as it refers to an ear infection that lasts for a long time or recurs often, typically more than three months. Mastoiditis (Choice A) is a complication of a middle ear infection and not an ear infection itself. Otitis Media (Choice D) is a general term for inflammation or infection in the middle ear, which can be either acute or chronic, so it's not specific enough to be the correct answer. Understanding the duration and severity of symptoms can help in identifying the type of ear infection, facilitating appropriate treatment and prevention of complications.

4. Reducing the amount of trans fat in the diet is an effective method of decreasing the risk of CHD. Which food is most likely a source of trans fat?

• A. hot dogs
• B. whole milk
• C. fatty fish
• D. potato chips

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: potato chips. Potato chips, especially when fried in hydrogenated oils, are a common source of trans fats, which are linked to an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Hot dogs (choice A) can also contain trans fats if made with processed meats and added fats. Whole milk (choice B) and fatty fish (choice C) do not typically contain trans fats, making them less likely sources compared to potato chips.

5. Which food items should be consumed with nonheme iron to increase its absorption, according to a nurse's education plan for clients?

• A. Kiwi
• B. Strawberries
• C. Coffee
• D. Kiwi and Strawberries

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Kiwi and Strawberries. Both of these fruits are high in vitamin C, a nutrient known to enhance the absorption of nonheme iron. Vitamin C facilitates the conversion of nonheme iron into a form that is more readily absorbed by the body, thereby enhancing iron intake. In contrast, coffee (Choice C) contains certain compounds that can actually inhibit the absorption of iron, making it a less desirable choice when the goal is to increase iron absorption. Consequently, Choices A (Kiwi), B (Strawberries), and C (Coffee) were specifically picked to highlight the varying effects of different food items on nonheme iron absorption.

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